运动性构音障碍言语、声学及疗效的研究

目的观察汉语普通话应用者运动性构音障碍的特点及康复疗效。方法采用康复生理途径法对18例患者康复40d。采用喉发声空气力学分析仪检测患者的最长发声时间（MPT）、频率、音量、发声时的每秒气流量；肺功能检测仪检测用力呼气肺活量（FVC）、第1秒用力呼气量、最大呼气中期流速、最大呼气流量等，并用普通话单词表和语句检测语音清晰度进行评定。结果治疗前，18例患者MPT均缩短，每秒发声气流量较明显降低；治疗后患者的MPT均明显延长（P〈0．01）。治疗前，FVC明显低于预期值，治疗后增加（P〈0．05）。治疗后，篇章水平正答率明显增加（P〈0．01）。结论喉发声空气力学分析仪、肺功能检测仪、语言清晰度和篇章正答率检测是较好的综合评定运动性构音障碍的言语和发声的方法；康复生理途径治疗可以明显改善运动性构音障碍患者的交流能力。

Speech, Phonation Evaluation and Intervention Effect in Dysarthria

ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics and rehabilitation of dysarthria patients who speak mandarin. Methods18 patients were rehabilitated with physiologic approach for 40 d. Before and after rehabilitation, maximum phonation time (MPT), frequency, tone and expiratory rate were tested with phonolaryngeal graph, while forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV_1), maximum midexpiratory flow (MMF), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were tested with Microspiro; Articulation and intelligibility were tested with mandarin words table and rate of sentence and paragraph. ResultsCompared with that before intervention, MPT of the patients were longer after intervention (P<0.05). The FVC was lower than normal rate before intervention and it was remarkable higher after intervention(P<0.01).Correct rate of sentence and paragraph was remarkable higher(P<0.01). ConclusionTests of Phono-laryngograph, Microspiro and correct rate of sentence are good comprehensive evaluation methods to speech and phonation of dysarthria. Physiologic approach to rehabilitation can remarkably improve patient's communication ability.