儿童少年精神分裂症症状特征与父母教养方式的相关性

目的探讨儿童少年精神分裂症症状特征与父母教养方式的相关性.方法将120例儿童少年精神分裂症患儿根据有无症状情况进行分组.采用阳性与阴性症状量表评估患儿精神分裂症症状的有无和严重程度,采用家庭教养方式量表评定父母教养方式.比较有无症状组患儿父亲/母亲家庭教养方式量表评分的差异性,对不同组别患儿阳性与阴性症状量表评分与家庭教养方式量表评分的相关性进行分析.结果有幻觉组患儿父亲家庭教养方式量表的偏爱被试因子分显著高于无幻觉组(P<0.01),两组患儿母亲家庭教养方式量表评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);有意志障碍组患儿母亲家庭教养方式量表的情感温暖理解因子分显著低于无意志障碍组(P<0.01),两组患儿父亲家庭教养方式量表评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).本组患儿阳性与阴性症状量表中阳性症状评分与父亲家庭教养方式量表的情感温暖理解因子分呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与惩罚严厉因子分呈显著正相关(P<0.05);阴性症状评分与拒绝否认因子分呈显著负相关(P<0.05).本组患儿阳性与阴性症状量表中阳性症状评分与母亲家庭教养方式量表的情感温暖理解因子分呈显著正相关(P<0.05);阴性症状评分与过分干涉过度保护因子分呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与惩罚严厉因子分呈显著负相关(P<0.05).结论儿童少年精神分裂症患儿的幻觉、意志障碍与父母教养方式密切相关,不恰当的教养方式可能是导致患儿症状加重的影响因素.

Correlation research between symptom characteristics of children with schizophrenia and parental rearing patterns

Objective To investigate the relationship between symptom characteristics of children with schizophrenia and parenting style.Methods 120 cases of children with schizophrenia were grouped according to symptomatic conditions.The positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS)was used to assess the presence and severity of schizophrenia symptoms in children.EMBU was used to assess family closeness and adaptability.The differences of father/mother family parenting style scale scores in children with and without symptoms were compared.The correlation between the PANSS score and the EMBU score of children in different groups was analyzed.Results The father's preference score were higher in children with illusory behavioral symptoms compared with asymptomatic group(P<0.01).There was no statistical difference in the mother's EMBU scale score(P>0.05).In children with schizophrenia symptoms,the emotional warmth and understanding scores of the mothers were significant lower than those in the asymptomatic group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in father EMBU score between the two groups of children(P>0.05).The positive subscale score of PANSS in this group of children was significantly negatively correlated with the emotional warmth comprehension factor score of the father EMBU(P<0.05),and significantly positively correlated with the severe punishment factor score(P<0.05).The negative subscale score was significantly negatively correlated with the rejection factor score(P<0.05).The positive subscale score of PANSS in this group of children was significantly positively correlated with the emotional warmth comprehension factor score of mother EMBU(P<0.05).The negative subscale score was significantly positively correlated with excessive interference and overprotective factor score(P<0.05),and significantly negatively correlated with severe punishment factor score(P<0.05).Conclusions The hallucinations and volition disorders of children and adolescents with schizophrenia are closely related to their parenting styles.Inappropriate parenting styles may be the influencing factors for the symptoms of children.