心理疏导疗法在改善老年慢性病患者应对行为中的作用

目的改善老年人的不良应对方式,降低老年抑郁症的发生。方法以100例老年慢性病患者为研究对象,随机分为干预组与对照组,各50例,干预组采用躯体治疗加心理疏导,对照组在老年科门诊治疗。应用老年抑郁量表(GDS)、应对方式问卷(WCS)进行入组时、半年后、1年后的测评,以观察干预效果。结果两组入组时的GDS得分均较高,经比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后两组的GDS得分均有下降,但干预组比对照组下降幅度大,半年后及1年后干预组GDS得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。WCS测评结果显示,两组入组时的应对方式均以退避、幻想、自责运用次数为多,比较两组间因子得分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,干预组运用解决问题、求助等积极的应对方式次数增多,而退避、幻想、自责运用次数减少,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论心理疏导疗法能有效改善老年患者的应对方式,提高其心理健康水平。

Effect of psychological intervention to improve coping style of aged patients with chronic disease

Objective To improve coping style of aged patients and reduce incidence of geriatric depression.Methods 100 aged patients were randomly divided into intervention group(n=50) and control group(n=50).The intervention group was given physical treatment and psychological intervention.The control group was given outpatient treatment.Geriatic Depression Scale(GDS)and Coping Styles Questionnaire were used to assess the intervention effect pre-treatment,6 months and of 1 year after intervention.Results The scores of GDS were reduced in both groups after intervention (t=6.02,20.38 respectively,P<0.01).Before study each group applied more negative coping styles such as wince,illusion and self-criminating.There were no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).Intervention group applied more positive coping styles such as problem solving and help seeking.Less wince,illusion and self-criminating were found in intervention group post-intervention(P<0.01). Conclusion Psychological intervention can effectively improve the coping style and mental health of aged patients with chron- ic disease.