IKAP延续性护理模式在慢性牙周炎患者中的应用效果分析

目的基于IKAP理论探讨适用于口腔门诊慢性病延续性护理模式,并分析其在慢性牙周炎患者中的应用效果。方法选取2019年10月—2020年6月就诊于南京市某三级甲等口腔专科医院牙周病科的90例慢性牙周炎患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和干预组,各45例。期间对照组失访15例,干预组失访4例。对照组采取牙周疾病的常规护理并且初诊时进行口腔卫生宣教,干预组在此基础上由护理人员采用IKAP延续性护理模式进行护理。比较两组的口腔卫生习惯改变、自我效能水平、牙周临床指标及相关生活质量。结果干预后,干预组患者的每次刷牙持续时间、每天牙线使用次数、每周牙缝刷使用次数均高于对照组,口腔自我保健效能水平高于对照组,菌斑指数和出血指数优于对照组,口腔健康相关生活质量优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论IKAP延续性护理模式能够促进慢性牙周炎患者口腔自我管理能力的提高,改善患者牙周健康状况,对于提高患者生活质量有积极意义。

Application effect of information,knowledge,attitude and practice continuous nursing model in patients with chronic periodontitis

Objective To discuss the continuous nursing model for chronic diseases in oral outpatient department based on the theory of information,knowledge,attitude and practice(IKAP)and analyzed its application effect in patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods A total of 90 patients with chronic periodontitis who were admitted to Department of Periodontology of a ClassⅢGrade A dental hospital in Nanjing were selected from October 2019 to June 2020.The patients were divided into the control group and the intervention group by random number table method,with 45 cases in each group.During the period,15 cases in the control group were lost to follow-up and 4 cases in the intervention group were lost to follow-up.The control group received routine nursing of periodontal disease and received oral hygiene instruction(OHI)at the first visit.On this basis,patients in the intervention group were nursed by nursing staff using IKAP continuous nursing model.The changes of oral hygiene habits,self-efficacy level,periodontal clinical indicators and related quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the duration of each tooth brushing,times of dental floss used per day,times of interdental brush used per week in the intervention group were all higher than those in the control group,oral self-care efficacy level was higher than that of the control group,the plaque index and bleeding index were better than those of the control group and the oral health-related quality of life was better than that of the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions IKAP continuous nursing model can promote the improvement of oral self-management ability of patients with chronic periodontitis and improve the periodontal health status of patients,which has positive significance for improving the quality of life of them.