三维超声仿真心腔内窥镜技术诊断房间隔缺损的实验研究

目的 探讨三维超声虚拟现实技术实现仿真心腔内窥镜观测房间隔缺损（ASD）的可行性。方法建立10个新鲜离体猪心ASD模型，经超声水槽用HP Sonos 5500超声系统采集三维超声图像，用移动立方体算法进行表面重建及可视化，建立心内三维超声仿真心腔内窥镜系统；同时将该系统的ASD面积、最大径和最小径测值与实测值进行比较。结果10例离体心ASD均成功获得虚拟显示。三维超声虚拟现实技术能够模拟心内视角显示缺损的形态、部位及邻近上腔静脉、下腔静脉间的关系，且与实际观察结果一致。测量三维重建并虚拟显示后的ASD面积、最大径和最小径，测得数据与实测值高度相关（r〉0．95，P〈0．01）。结论三维超声仿真心腔内窥镜技术为小儿先天性心脏病三维超声诊断提供了一种新方法。

Primary exploration of three-dimensional echocardiographic intro-cardiac endoscopic simulation system visualization of atrial septal defect: in vitro validation

Objective To explore the feasibility of three-dimensional echocardiographic intro-cardiac endoscopic simulation system(3DE IESS) observation of atrial septal defect(ASD). Methods Ten ASDs with different size and shape were created in 10 fresh exsomatie porcine hearts. Three dimensional echocardiographic imaging dataset was acquired using HP Sonos 5500 imaging system via water tank. Marching Cubes Algorithm was used for surface rendering and reconstruction of the inner cardiac structures to build 3DE IESS. The area, maximum and minimum diameter of ASD were measured on 3DE IESS and compared with independently measured anatomic ones. Results All of 10 ASDs could be observed by the 3DE IESS. The site, shape and its relationship with neighboring structure of superior and inferior vena cava were well appraised in its true form. Good correlation was obtained when the area, maximum and minimum diameter of ASD measured on 3DE IESS were compared with of independently measured anatomic ones(r> 0.95 , P< 0.01 ). Conclusions IESS opens an exciting opportunity in the field of 3DE diagnosis of congenital heart disease.