胎儿心脏三血管气管平面在先天性心脏病筛查中的价值

目的 探讨胎儿三血管气管平面的声像图特点及其筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的价值。方法 回顾性分析2003年4月至2005年4月1212例接受产前胎儿心脏超声筛查孕妇资料，取胎儿心脏检查的常规6个标准切面，然后在四腔心切面的基础上缓慢平行向胎儿头侧移动探头即可显示上纵隔横切面，即三血管气管平面，再叠加彩色多普勒血流显像，观察各房室及大动脉血流分布和血流方向。结果 1212例胎儿超声心动图检出胎儿心脏结构异常47例，22例合并心外畸形。33例在本院引产，20例尸检，其中18例尸检与产前超声诊断相符，1例单心房单心室并大动脉位置正常误诊为单心房单心室并大动脉转位，1例单心房单心室并永存动脉干误诊为完全性心内膜垫缺损并永存动脉干。15例胎儿抽脐带血检查染色体，3例染色体异常。结论 三血管气管平面在筛查胎儿大动脉和心室流出道异常的先天性心脏病中有重要作用。

The role of three vessels and trachea view in screening fetal congenital heart defects

Objective To evaluate the role of three vessels and trachea view in screening fetal congenital heart diseases,particularly screening fetal cardiac anomalies involving great arteries and ventricular outflow tract. Methods One thousand and two hundred twelve pregnant women undergoing fetal ultrasound screening were analyzed retrospectively. Results Forty-seven cases with fetal congenital heart diseases were detected and 20 cases had autopsy in our hospital. Among twenty autopsy cases, 18 cases diagnosed by fetal echocardiography were confirmed and 2 cases were partly misdiagnosed. Fifteen cases with cardiac abnormalities underwent cord blood chromosomal examination and 3 cases with chromosome disorder were detected. Conclusions Three vessels and trachea view plays an important role in screening fetal congenital heart disease.