肝硬化患者出院准备度现状及影响因素研究

目的 调查肝硬化患者出院准备度现状,并分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样方法,选取2019年10月-2020年4月消化内科住院的102例肝硬化患者作为调查对象,使用一般资料调查表、出院准备度量表和出院指导质量量表评估患者出院准备度与出院指导质量,分析出院指导质量与出院准备度间的相关性,采用多元线性回归分析肝硬化患者出院准备度的影响因素。结果 肝硬化患者的出院准备度的总分为(178.98±15.00)分,出院指导质量总分为(150.86±14.36)分,处于中等偏上水平。多元线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入及家庭照顾者为肝硬化患者出院准备度的独立影响因素(F=16.427,P＜0.001)。Pearson相关分析显示,出院指导质量与肝硬化患者出院准备度呈正相关(r=0.354,P＜0.001)。结论 肝硬化患者出院准备度呈中等偏上水平,医护人员应针对出院准备度的影响因素制定干预措施,并提升出院指导质量,以提高此类患者的出院准备度水平,提高患者及家属对疾病的应对能力,降低再住院率及病死率。

Status quo and influencing factors of discharge preparation of patients with hepatic cirrhosis

Objective To investigate the readiness for hospital discharge of patients with cirrhosis and explored its influencing factors.Methods Totally 102 cirrhosis patients admitted in the department of digestive internal medicine between October 2019 and April 2020 were selected and surveyed using a general information questionnaire,readiness for hospital discharge scale(RHDS)and quality of discharge teaching scale(QDTS).The correlation between the two variables was analyzed.Multi-linear regression analysis was employed to analyze the influencing factors of discharge readiness.Results The average total RHDS and QDTS scores were above the medium level at 178.98±15.00 and 150.86±14.36 respectively.Multi-linear regression analysis showed that the education level,marital status,family per capita income and family caregivers were influencing factors of discharge readiness of patients with cirrhosis(F=16.427,P<0.001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that discharge guidance quality was positively correlated with discharge readiness in patients with cirrhosis(r=0.354,P<0.001).Conclusion The discharge readiness was above the middle level in patients with cirrhosis.Medical staff should take targeted measures to improve the discharge guidance quality,so as to improve the discharge readiness.