艾滋病患者社会支持状况分析与护理对策

目的：了解艾滋病患者的社会支持现状,为寻求提高患者社会支持的护理对策提供依据。方法：采用肖水源设计的《社会支持评定量表》对艾滋病患者目前得到的社会支持状况进行分析。结果：艾滋病患者社会支持总分为（31.38±5.67）分,常模为（34.56±3.73）分,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,说明艾滋病患者获得较低水平的社会支持。调查还显示,单身、有吸毒和/或性乱史者所获得的社会支持水平更低,家庭和医务人员是艾滋病患者获得社会支持的主要来源。结论：艾滋病患者迫切需要全社会的支持和关怀,消除歧视和排斥,护理人员应树立社会支持理念,正确评估患者社会支持水平,强化和拓宽患者现有的社会支持系统网络,为患者营造一个支持性的社会环境,从而提高其生活质量。

AIDS patients' social support and nursing strategies

Objective： This study aimed to describe AIDS patients’s social support, thereby to provide the basic evidence for further relating nursing strategies. Methods： The Social Support Questionnaire designed by Xiao Shuiyuan was selected to assess social support perceived by AIDS patients. Results： The total score of the social support perceived by the AIDS patients was 31.38±5.67 with the normal level being of 34.56±3.73, which showed a statistical and significant difference （P〈0.01）. It implied that the AIDS patients perceived a lower level of social support. Additionally, bachelors, drug addicts and/or those who had more than one sexual partners, reported getting less social support than others. The family and heath care personnel were the main supporters to the AIDS patients. Conclusion： The AIDS patients need care and support from the whole society. All discrimination and exclusion should be eliminated. Nurses should have awareness of enhancing social support, correctly assess the level of social support perceived by the AIDS patients, and strengthen and extend the current social support net to improve AIDS patients’ quality of life through creating a supportive environment around them.