胎儿超声心动图研究

本文利用超声心动图（Ｅｃｈｏ）及彩色多普勒（ＣＦＩ）研究３００例胎儿不同孕期心脏解剖结构、血流动力学情况及先天性心脏病发病率。其中２００例经出生后复查证实心内结构正常的胎儿，测定其不同孕期（１７～４２Ｗ）的房室大小、卵圆孔、肺动脉、主动脉，测定房室瓣血流速度，半月瓣血流速度，加速时间，射血时间及其比值，每搏量及排血量。结果：１．心脏心腔大小随孕周增加而增大；２．各瓣口血流速度不随胎龄改变；３．心脏每搏量及排血量及胎儿生长发育呈正相关；４．主动脉瓣及肺动脉瓣血流加速时间（ＡＴ）相等，ＡＴ／射血时间＝０．３；５．三尖瓣及二尖瓣血流Ａ峰＞Ｅ峰，Ａ／Ｅ＞１；６．３００例胎儿检出先天性心脏病１０例。结论：胎儿心脏右心占优势，胎儿循环处于高阻力状态，胎儿心室顺应性低下，先天性心脏病发病率为３．３％。

An Echocardiographic Study on Fetal Heart Hemodynamics

Two dimensional Doppler echocardiography(ECHO)combined with color flow imaging technique were employed to study fetal heart hemodynamics.Between 1990 1996,200 fetuses were screened and divided into 3 groups according to the fetal age,whose hearts structures were normal by prenatal and post natal ECHO.Four and five chamber view and right ventricular outflow tract pulmonary artery view were utilized to display all heart valves,then the diameter of the annulus velocity of flow SV and CO were measured.Results:1.velocity of each valve was not changed with fetus growth;2.Cardiac output was increased with fetal growth;3.Aortic and pulmonary accelerated time were equal;4.Accelerated/ejective time was more than 0 3;5.Atrio ventricular valve flow was double wave and A/E>1;6.Heart diseases in 10 cases were found.Conclusion:ECHO is practicable for study fetal heart hemodynamics.