丘脑底核磁共振成像技术研究进展

丘脑底核(subthalamic nucleus,STN)是我国帕金森病患者接受脑深部电刺激(deep brain stimulation,DBS)治疗的主要核团。磁共振(MRI)影像个体化、精确植入电极至STN的感觉运动部要求MRI成像对STN边界清晰划分,并确保图像保真。目前使用的MRI序列可分为3大类:基于自旋回波序列的T_2加权成像、反转恢复序列、扩散张量成像、各向异性分数;基于磁化转移技术的磁敏感加权成像、自由衰减的T_2*成像等;基于磁敏感图像重建技术的定量磁敏感图谱。其中,定量磁敏感图谱的STN与周边的信噪比最优、边界最清晰,T_2*技术次之;T_2加权成像在患者戴框架时几何精度较高,适合戴框架直接定位使用。

Recent progress in magnetic resonance imaging of the subthalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation

Subthalamic nucleus (STN) is the most important nucleus in patients with Parkinson"s disease who underwent deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment 1]. To implant the electrode to the movement part of the STN individualized and accurately, magnetic resonance imaging is required to clarify the boundaries of the nucleus and the minimum geometric distortion of the image. At present, MR sequences can be divided into three categories: 1. T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), inversion recovery (IR), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), fractional anisotropy (FA); 2. Magnetic susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), T2-weighted magnitude imaging (T2*WI); 3. Image reconstruction techniques such as susceptibility-weighted phase imaging (SWPI), quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). The purpose of this study is to enable neurosurgeons to understand the most appropriate scanning parameters under the current clinical application of technical conditions to make a reasonable choice.