眼底动脉、颈动脉硬化与高血压病关系的流行病学调查

目的：探讨眼底动脉、颈动脉硬化与高血压病的相互关系，评价眼底镜及颈动脉超声检查的临床价值，为高血压痛的预防、诊疗提供重要的依据。方法；采取分层随机抽样的方法抽取调查样本，选择当地社区35-60岁居民118例为调查对象，运用病例对照研究，采用二维超声多普勒技术检测双侧颈动脉、直接眼底镜观察眼底，记录相关数据并作统计学处理。结果：1）高血压组的颈动脉内膜中层厚度、眼底动脉硬化程度明显高于正常对照组，且随着高血压时限的延长而加重（P〈0．05）。2）眼底动脉硬化程度、颈动脉内膜中层厚度与血压呈正相关（r=0．261～0．302，P〈0．05）。结论：眼底动脉、颈动脉硬化与高血压病有很好的相关性，眼底镜厦颈动脉超声检查对诊断以及明确高血压分期、分级具有重要的临床价值。

The Epidemiologic Study of the Relationship between Fundus and Carotid Atherosclerosis with Hypertension

Objective: To study the relationship of fundus and carotid atherosclerosis with hypertension, evaluate the clinical roles of ophthalmoscope and carotid arteries ultrasound. Methods: A population of 118 residents (aged 35-60 years, male 115, female 3) of local community were randomly and controlledly investigated. The intima-media thickness(IMT) and plaques level of carotid arteries were detected by ultrasonography and the fundus was detected by ophthalmoscope. Results:1)The IMT of carotid artery and the grade of fundus atherosclerosis of hypertension group were significantly higher than those in control group, and both were deteriorated with the duration of hypertension (P<0. 05). 2) Fundus atherosclerosis and the intimamedia thickness of carotid artery positively correlated with high blood pressure(r=0. 261-0. 302, P<0.05). Conclusion:Fundus and carotid atherosclerosis are found to be well related to hypertension, ophthalmoscope and carotid artery ultrasound examination are useful for the detection of fundus and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with hypertension.