三甲医院医务人员甲状腺超声特征分析

目的：了解医护人员健康体检甲状腺结节和甲状腺弥漫性病变的检出率情况。方法：选择2020年9-11月在西部战区总医院体检中心进行健康查体的2634例医务人员进行甲状腺超声检查，剔除既往有甲状腺手术史者23人，共2611人纳入该研究，其中男性1109例，女性1502例，年龄为15-99岁，平均39.6±17.0岁。根据年龄分为五组，分别为<36岁、36-45岁、46-55岁、56-65岁、>65岁组，分析不同年龄不同性别甲状腺结节的检出率及性质和甲状腺弥漫性病变的检出情况。 结果：1.2611名医务人员共检出甲状腺结节582例，其中男性290例（26.15%）；女性292例（19.44%）。男性甲状腺结节检出率显著高于女性（P<0.001）。甲状腺结节检出率随着年龄增长而增加，其中65岁以上组检出率最高（63.18%）。2. <36岁组女性甲状腺良性结节检出率显著高于男性（13.62% VS 7.82%，P=0.002)，其余年龄组女性检出率均高于男性，但无统计学差异。不同年龄组男、女疑似恶性结节检出率无明显差异。3.甲状腺弥漫性病变共73例，总检出率2.95%，其中男性16例（1.44%），女性56例（3.73%），女性检出率显著高于男性（ =12.429 P<0.001）。<36岁组女性甲状腺结节合并甲状腺弥漫性病变检出率显著高于男性（P＜0.05）。结论：年轻女性是甲状腺结节和甲状腺弥漫性病变的高发人群，这类人群常常存在桥本氏甲状腺炎。因此，对患有桥本氏甲状腺炎的年轻女性应警惕甲状腺癌的发生，早发现，早诊断，早治疗。

Analysis of thyroid ultrasonic characteristics of medical staff

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules and diffuse thyroid lesions in medical staff. Methods: A total of 2634 medical staff who had thyroid ultrasound examination in the Health Screening Center of the General Hospital of Western Theater from September to November 2020 were included. Twenty three subjects with previous thyroid surgery history were excluded, a total of 2611 subjects were included in the study, including 1109 males and 1502 females, aged 15-99 years, with an average age of 39.6 ± 17.0 years. According to the age, the subjects were divided into five groups, namely < 36 years old, 36-45 years old, 46-55 years old, 56-65 years old and > 65 years old groups. Results: 1. A total of 582 thyroid nodule patients were diagnosed in 2611 medical staff, including 290 males (26.15%) and 292 females (19.44%). The detection rate of thyroid nodules in men was significantly higher than that in women (P = 0.000). The incidence of thyroid nodules increased with age. The incidence of thyroid nodules was 63.18% in the group over 65 years old. 2. According to age stratification analysis, the detection rate of benign thyroid nodules in females was significantly higher than that in males (13.62% vs 7.82%, P = 0.002), while the detection rates of females in other age groups were higher than that of males, but the difference was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of suspected malignant nodules between men and women in different age groups . 3. There were 73 cases of diffuse thyroid disease, the total detection rate was 2.95%, including 16 cases of male (1.44%), 56 cases of female (3.73%), the detection rate of female was significantly higher than that of male ( =12.429, P = 0.000). In the age lower than 36 years old group, the detection rate of thyroid nodules with diffuse thyroid lesions in women was significantly higher than that in men (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of thyroid nodules and diffuse thyroid lesions is the higher in young women. Young women with Hashimoto''s thyroiditis should pay attention to thyroid health, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.