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2010年中国CHINET铜绿假单胞菌耐药性监测
引用本文:张祎博,倪语星,孙景勇,朱德妹,汪复,胡付品,徐英春,张小江,胡云建,艾效曼,俞云松,杨青,孙自镛,陈中举,贾蓓,黄文祥,卓超,苏丹虹,魏莲花,吴玲,张朝霞,季萍,王传清,王爱敏,张泓,孔菁,徐元宏,沈继录,单斌,杜艳. 2010年中国CHINET铜绿假单胞菌耐药性监测[J]. 中国感染与化疗杂志, 2012, 0(3): 161-166
作者姓名:张祎博  倪语星  孙景勇  朱德妹  汪复  胡付品  徐英春  张小江  胡云建  艾效曼  俞云松  杨青  孙自镛  陈中举  贾蓓  黄文祥  卓超  苏丹虹  魏莲花  吴玲  张朝霞  季萍  王传清  王爱敏  张泓  孔菁  徐元宏  沈继录  单斌  杜艳
作者单位:上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院;复旦大学附属华山医院;中国医学科学院附属协和医院;卫生部北京医院;浙江大学医学院附属第一医院;华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院;重庆医科大学附属第一医院;广州医学院第一附属医院呼吸疾病研究所;甘肃省人民医院;新疆医科大学附属第一医院;复旦大学附属儿科医院;上海交通大学附属上海儿童医院;安徽医科大学附属第一医院;昆明医学院附属第一医院
摘    要:目的了解2010年我国不同地区铜绿假单胞菌临床分离株的耐药性和耐药特征,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法对全国14所医院临床分离的5 080株铜绿假单胞菌按照统一的方案,采用统一的材料、方法(K-B法)和判断标准(CLSI 2010年版),进行铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性监测,并用WHONET5.4软件进行数据分析。结果 2010年14所医院共收集5 080株临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌,其中91.2%分离自住院患者;69.9%分离自呼吸道标本。铜绿假单胞菌对阿米卡星的耐药率最低,平均为15.3%,对其他抗菌药物的耐药率均高于18%。昆明一医院的分离株对各种抗菌药物的耐药率均高于28%,对其中13种抗菌药物的耐药率是14所医院中最高者;北京一医院分离的菌株对大多数抗菌药物的耐药率在40%左右,甘肃省一医院的分离株对抗菌药物(除头孢哌酮和氨曲南外)耐药率均低于20%;上海一儿童医院的分离株对各抗菌药物的耐药率均低于5%。从ICU分离菌对各种抗菌药物的耐药率均高于门诊、内科、外科和整体分离菌的耐药率(P=0.001)。各医院泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌的检出率平均为1.7%。结论我国临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性仍处于较高水平,但本次有轻微下降趋势。不同地区、不同医院的分离株对抗菌药物的耐药性相差较大,ICU仍应是监控重点。医疗机构应加强细菌耐药监测,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。同时要加强感染控制措施,预防和控制耐药菌株的医院内流行。

关 键 词:抗菌药物  铜绿假单胞菌  细菌耐药性

CHINET 2010 surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ZHANG Yibo,NI Yuxing,SUN Jingyong,ZHU Demei,WANG Fu,HU Fupin,XU Yingchun,ZHANG Xiaojiang,HU Yunjian,AI Xiaoman,YU Yunsong,YANG Qing,SUN Ziyong,CHEN Zhongju,JIA Bei,HUANG Wenxiang,ZHUO Chao,SU Danhong,WEI Lianhua,WU Ling,ZHANG Zhaoxia,JI Ping,WANG Chuanqing,WANG Aimin,ZHANG Hong,KONG Jing,XU Yuanhong,SHEN Jilu,SHAN Bin,DU Yan. CHINET 2010 surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J]. Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy, 2012, 0(3): 161-166
Authors:ZHANG Yibo  NI Yuxing  SUN Jingyong  ZHU Demei  WANG Fu  HU Fupin  XU Yingchun  ZHANG Xiaojiang  HU Yunjian  AI Xiaoman  YU Yunsong  YANG Qing  SUN Ziyong  CHEN Zhongju  JIA Bei  HUANG Wenxiang  ZHUO Chao  SU Danhong  WEI Lianhua  WU Ling  ZHANG Zhaoxia  JI Ping  WANG Chuanqing  WANG Aimin  ZHANG Hong  KONG Jing  XU Yuanhong  SHEN Jilu  SHAN Bin  DU Yan
Affiliation:.(Department of Clinical Microbiology,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200025,China)
Abstract:Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of P.aeruginosa in China during 2010.Methods Clinical isolates of P.aeruginosa were collected from 14 teaching hospitals in China.The antimicrobial susceptibility were tested by Kirby-Bauer method and MIC determination.The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software.Results Of the 5 080 clinical strains of P.aeruginosa,91.2% were isolated from hospitalized patients,and 69.9% were isolated from respiratory tract.These P.aeruginosa isolates showed the lowest resistance rate(15.3%) to amikacin.The percentage of the P.aeruginosa isolates resistant to other antimicrobial agents was generally above 18%.The P.aeruginosa strains collected from Kunming Hospital showed the highest resistance rate to 13 of the 14 antimicrobial agents compared with the strains from other hospitals.More than 28% of the isolates from Kunming Hospital were resistant to any of the antimicrobial agents tested.More than 40% of the strains isolated from a Beijing hospital were resistant to most of the antimicrobial agents tested.The isolates collected from a hospital in Gansu Province were less resistant(<20%) to any of the antibiotics except cefoperazone and aztreonam.For the strains from Shanghai Children’s Hospital,the resistance rate to any of the antimicrobial agents was lower than 5%.The resistance of P.aeruginosa strains from ICU was significantly higher than the resistance of the strains as a whole.The panresistant(only sensitive to colistin) P.aeruginosa strains accounted for 1.7% on average.Conclusions The antimicrobial resistance of P.aeruginosa is still a serious problem in China,but shows slight downward trend.The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern varied greatly with the hospital,and geographical region.ICUs are the focus of interest for resistance monitoring and control.The surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is very important for guiding rational antimicrobial therapy in healthcare facilities.
Keywords:antimicrobial agent  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  antimicrobial resistance
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