Adherence to a Mediterranean Lifestyle and Changes in Frequency,Severity, and Localization of Pain in Older Adults |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPaz, Spain;2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain;3. IMDEA-Food Institute. CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain;4. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA;1. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;2. Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;3. Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;1. Resident in Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Phoenix, AZ;2. Advisor to residents and Consultant in Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ;1. Université de Paris, Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, France;2. Service de Physiologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, France;3. Université de Paris, Equipe Mobile Infectiologie, Hôpital Paris Centre, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, France;1. Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;2. Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;2. Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;3. Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea;1. Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN;2. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo assess the association between adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle and changes in pain, and its characteristics over time in older adults.Patients and MethodsWe analyzed data from 864 and 862 community-dwelling individuals aged 65+ years from the Study on Cardiovascular Health, Nutrition and Frailty in Older Adults in Spain (Seniors-ENRICA) Seniors-ENRICA-1 (2008–2010 to 2012) and Seniors-ENRICA-2 (2015–2017 to 2019) cohorts, with a median follow-up of 2.8 and 2.4 years, respectively. Adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle was assessed at baseline with the 27-item Mediterranean lifestyle (MEDLIFE) index. Pain changes over time were calculated with a pain scale that assessed the frequency, severity, and the number of pain locations both at baseline and follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted relative risk ratios (RRRs) were obtained using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsIn the pooled cohorts, after a median follow-up of 2.6 years, pain worsened for 697 participants, improved for 734, and did not change for 295. Compared with the lowest category of MEDLIFE adherence, those in the highest category showed an RRR of improvement vs worsening of overall pain of 1.85 (95% CI, 1.28 to 2.67; P-trend<.001). MEDLIFE adherence was also linked to improvement in pain frequency (RRR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.31 to 3.01; P-trend=.001), pain severity (RRR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.33 to 3.00; P-trend=.001), and a reduction in the number of pain locations (RRR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.50; P-trend=.004). Limitations of this study are the use of self-reported lifestyle data.ConclusionA Mediterranean lifestyle was associated with improvement of pain characteristics in older adults. Experimental studies should assess the efficacy of an integral lifestyle approach for the management of pain in older adults. |
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