不同程度的持续规律运动训练对大鼠摄食及体重的影响

目的：探讨轻中度规律体力运动与过度体力运动对大鼠摄食，体重的变化及对血中瘦素（1eptin）和NPY的影响。方法：21只大鼠连续做程度不同的无负重游泳训练，按照训练程度不同分为对照组（N组）、适量运动组（GE组）及疲劳运动组（EE组）。观察训练期间3组大鼠的摄食量及体重变化；5周后，检测各组大鼠的小肠推进率，血清、血浆中NPY及leptin水平。结果：运动5周后GE组与N组比较摄食量显著增多，但体重无明显下降，血清leptin水平下降伴血浆NPY水平升高；EE组与N组及GE组比较，摄食量显著减少，体重明显减轻，血清leptin水平下降伴NPY水平下降，小肠推进率明显升高。结论：适量运动可以增进食欲而不引起体重的增加，且不伴有小肠排空加速；长期疲劳运动可以导致肠道平滑肌紊乱，小肠排空加速，并打破下丘脑对摄食-能耗平衡调节的维持，使机体能量处于负摄人状态。

Effect of Continuous Disciplinary Exercise to Varying Degrees on Food Intake and Body Weight in Rats

Objective: To observe the effects of 5-week movement on food intake,body weight,serum leptin and plasma NPY in rats.Methods: Twenty-one SD rats playing swimming training were divided into normal control group(N),general exercise group(AE) and excessive exercise group(EE).During the exercise,the changes in food intake,body weight,serum leptin concentration,plasma NPY concentration and the rate of the semisolid paste propulsion in the small intestine were observed.Results: Five weeks after exercise, the food intake was significantly increased,serum leptin level reduced and plasma NPY level elevated in GE group as compared with N group.In EE group,food intake and body weight were significantly decreased,serum leptin level reduced,plasma NPY level lowered and the rate of semisolid paste propulsion in the small intestine obviously increased as compared with N group and GE group.Conclusion: General exercise can increase the food intake of SD rats without the body mass and the rate of semisolid paste propulsion in the small intestine increase,but long-term excessive exercise may disorder the intestinal tract smooth muscle function.By the way,the excessive exercise may influence the function of hypothalamus to accommodate the balance of food intake-expenditure.