高危儿神经行为发育监测及早期干预

目的：探讨高危儿早期异常神经行为发育的动态变化趋势和早期干预的方法及效果。方法：高危儿348例分成干预组232例和对照组116例，应用52项神经运动发育量表进行检查，干预组根据0～3岁早期干预大纲进行干预训练，对照组家庭运动训练为主。定期采用Oesell发育量表对2组患儿干预前后进行评价。结果：早期神经行为发育变化在于预训练4、6个月时，干预组患儿的异常率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）；发育商在干预18个月后2组较干预前均有明显提高（P〈0．05）；干预后6、12及18个月时干预组在大运动、精细运动、适应行为、语言和个人一社会性行为等5大能区发育商均高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：高危儿实施早期干预可纠正异常的神经行为，提高智能发育。

Monitoring of Neurobehavioral Development in High-risk Neonates and Early Intervention

Objective： To explore the dynamic changes of abnormal neurobehavioral development in early stage in high-risk neonates, and study the methods and effectiveness of early intervention. Methods： A total of 348 high-risk neonates were divided into intervention group （232 cases） and control group （116 cases）, and assessed with 52 neurobehavioral inspections. The intervention group received early intervention according to 0--3 early intervention plan, and the control group received home exercise staining. The patients in both groups were evaluated regularly with the Gesell developmental scales. Results： The ratio of abnormal neurobehavioral development such as motor capacity, muscle tension, postures at the 4th and 6th month in intervention group was significantly lower than in control group （P〈0.05）. At the 18th month after intervention, development quotient was increased markedly in both two groups as compared with that before intervention （P〈0.05）. At different time points of 6th, 12th, and 18th month after intervention, the development quotients of gross motor, fine motor, adaptive behavior, language, social intercourse in intervention group were higher than in control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： According to the abnormal neurobehaviors of high-risk neonates, early in tervention can rectify the abnomral neurobehaviors and improve intelligence development.