西北地区大型医院急诊科百草枯中毒流行病学特征

目的了解西北地区百草枯中毒的流行病学特征,为进一步提高百草枯中毒的防治水平提供依据。方法收集西京医院急诊科2012年8月—2013年12月收治的157例百草枯中毒患者的临床资料,包括年龄、性别、婚姻、职业、中毒季节和途径、中毒剂量、就诊时间、住院天数及预后特征,比较不同年龄、性别和不同预后患者平均中毒量的差异,并根据中毒量分组统计救治成功率。结果 1百草枯中毒患者中以女性为主(92例,58.6%),年龄(31.5±12.8)岁,已婚102例(65.0%),患者多为农民或来自农民家庭的学生(110例,70.1%),中毒方式主要为口服(152例,96.8%),平均中毒剂量37.5(20~100)ml,最终91例(58.0%)救治成功。2中毒以夏秋季多见(73.2%);20~29岁中毒人群比例最大(25.5%);各年龄段性别构成中10~19岁男性最多(55.3%),随着年龄增加呈进行性下降趋势。310~19岁男性平均中毒剂量大于女性,20~29岁女性中毒剂量高于男性,随着年龄增加进行性上升,男性则呈下降趋势。已婚女性中毒剂量显著多于男性(Z=5.54,P=0.021)。4不同剂量组间存活率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=78.31,P0.001)。结论西北地区百草枯中毒多发于夏秋(农忙)季,以农村已婚女性口服中毒为主。随着年龄增加,女性患者中毒剂量逐步增大,男性患者中毒量20~29岁时达高峰,以后呈下降趋势。随着百草枯中毒治疗水平的不断提高,患者预后较前明显改善。

Epidemiological Investigation on Acute Paraquat Poisoning of an Emergency Department in Northwest China Region

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of paraquat poisoning in Northwest China re-gion, thus to provide scientific basis for optimized strategy of paraquat poisoning. Methods A retrospective observational study was carried out from August 2012 to December 2013 in an emergency department in Northwest China region. Clinical da-ta of 157 paraquat poisoned patients admitted into the emergency department was recorded. The age, gender, marriage, occu-pation, poisoning season, approach, toxic dose, hospital length of stay and outcome of paraquat poisoned patients were de-scribed and compared among different groups of toxic doses. And then, we analyzed the patient＇s treatment success rate ac-cording to the toxic dose. Results （1） Among 157 paraquat poisoned patients, 92 cases （58. 6%） were women. The mean age was （31. 5 ± 12. 8） years. 102 cases （65. 0%） were married. 110 cases （70. 1%） were farmers or students from peasant families. The main poisoning approach was oral poisoning （96. 8%）. The average dose of paraquat poisoning was 37. 5 （20-100） ml. and 91 patients （58. 0%） were saved finally. （2） Summer and fall were the main onset seasons, which accounted for 73. 2% of the total poisoned patients and the patients from. 20 to 29 years old accounted for the largest poisoning popula-tion （25. 5%）. Compared with the females, males accounted for 55. 3% of paraquat poisoning among 10 to 19 years old, de-creasing with age increasing. （3）The average dose of male paraquat poisoning patients was larger than that of females among 10 to 19 years old. However, the mean dose of female patients started to outpace male patients among 20 to 29 years old, in-creasing with age. On the contrary, the latter would decline with age. The mean dose of female married patients was signifi-cantly larger than that of the married male patients （Z=5. 54, P=0. 021）. （4） The survival rates were significantly different among different groups of toxic dose （χ^2 =78. 31, P〈0.