广泛性焦虑症患者的自身内在人格特质(英文)

背景:按照艾森克的人格理论,特质水平属于低阶人格,而低阶人格更能反映出个体习惯性行为反应的特点。目的:采用卡特尔16PF人格因素问卷及Zung焦虑自评量表对广泛性焦虑症患者进行测试,探讨广泛性焦虑症患者与其自身人格特质内在的对应关系。设计:横断面抽样调查,数据与正常人常模比较。单位:解放军第三军医大学西南医院临床心理咨询门诊。对象:选择2003-08/2004-03在解放军第三军医大学西南医院临床心理咨询门诊首次就诊的广泛性焦虑症患者100例,男40例,女60例。方法:采用北京大学InsightGroup研制的心理测评工具箱标准版V2.3对患者进行卡特尔16PF人格问卷测评,由专业人员讲明测评方法后患者独立完成。16种人格因素(特质)分别为:乐群性、聪慧性、稳定性、持强性、兴奋性、有恒性、敢为性、敏感性、怀疑性、幻想性、世故性、忧虑性、实验性、独立性、自律、紧张性,电脑测评系统自动评出各项指标的标准分。Zung焦虑自评量表的测评标准分为(65.31±7.90)。主要观察指标:焦虑症组和正常人常模卡特尔16PF各因子标准分比较。结果:100例焦虑症患者全部进入结果分析。①广泛性焦虑症患者的卡特尔16PF人格问卷测评结果:焦虑症患者乐群性、敏感性、怀疑性、幻想性、忧虑性、紧张性评分高于正常人常模6.19±1.69,5.49±1.75;6.63±1.46,5.53±1.84;5.84±1.52,5.47±1.78;6.22±1.54,5.42±1.61;8.32±1.54,5.48±1.81;8.10±1.27,5.60±1.99,(t=-2.03～-13.15,P<0.05～0.01)。聪慧性、稳定性、持强性、兴奋性、有恒性、敢为性、实验性、独立性、自律评分明显低于正常人常模5.22±1.46,5.93±1.97;3.48±1.68,5.51±1.75;4.86±1.60,5.53±1.83;5.01±2.22,5.50±1.89;4.42±1.60,5.54±1.66;4.58±1.66,5.56±1.84;4.64±1.29,5.50±1.72;4.73±1.80,5.50±1.72;4.21±1.61,5.51±1.90,(t=2.54～-15.43,P<0.05-0.01)。②稳定性、持强性、兴奋性与Zung焦虑自评量表评分呈显著负相关(r=-0.273,P<0.01;r=-0.217,P<0.05;r=-0.217,P<0.05),紧张性与Zung焦虑自评量表评分呈显著正相关(r=0.248,P<0.05)。结论:焦虑症的发生与其自身人格特质有关,有稳定性、持强性、兴奋性低分和紧张性高分特征。这4种人格特质,可能是罹患焦虑症的易感人格特征,同时还影响着焦虑症的严重程度。

Intrinsic personality traits in patients with generalized anxiety disorder

BACKGROUND: According to Eysenck's theory of personality, trait level belongs tolow-grade personality, which can better reflect characteristics of individual habitual behavior reaction.OBJECTIVE: To explore the correspondent relationship between generalized anxiety patient and internal personality trait through adopting Cattell's 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PFQ) and Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to test generalized anxiety patients.DESIGN: A transectional sampling survey and data was compared with that of health adult norms.SETTING: Counseling clinic of out-patient in the Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 patients with generalized anxiety disorders who visited the clinical counseling clinic of out-patient in the Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA for the first time from August 2003 to March 2004 were included, including 40 men and 60 women.METHODS: Catell's 16PFQ was tested with Psychometric Toolbox Standard Edition V2.3 developed by the Insight Group of Peking University.The patients filled out the forms independently after the method being explained clearly by professional staff members. These 16 personality factors included warmth (reserved vs. warm; Factor A), reasoning (concrete vs.abstract; Factor B), emotional stability (reactive vs. emotionally stable;Factor C), dominance (deferential vs. dominant; Factor E), liveliness (serious vs. lively; Factor F), rule-consciousness (expedient vs. rule-conscious;Factor G), social boldness (shy vs. socially bold; Factor H), sensitivity (utilitarian vs. sensitive; Factor I), vigilance (trusting vs. vigilant; Factor L),abstractedness (grounded vs. abstracted; Factor M), privateness (forthright vs. private; Factor N), apprehension (self-assured vs. apprehensive; Factor O), openness to change (traditional vs. open to change; Factor Q1), self-reliance (group-oriented vs. self-reliant; Factor Q2), perfectionism (tolerates disorder vs. perfectionistic; Factor Q3), tension (relaxed vs. tense; Factor Q4). Standard score of each observed index was measured automatically by computer measuring system. The standard score in Zung's SAS was (65.31±7.90).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of standard scores in Cattell's 16PF between anxiety group and health adult norms.tell's 16PFQ for patients with generalized anxiety disorders: Scores in A,I, L, M, O, Q4 factor of anxiety patients were higher than that of health adult norms (6.19±1.69, 5.49±1.75;6.63±1.46, 5.53±1.84;5.84±1.52,5.47 ± 1.78; 6.22 ± 1.54,5.42 ± 1.61; 8.32 ±1.54,5.48 ±1.81; 8.10 ±1.27,5.60±1.99,(t=-2.03 to -13.15, P＜ 0.05-0.01)) while scores in B, C, E, F, G H,Q1, Q2, Q3 were significantly lower (5.22±1.46, 5.93±1.97;3.48±1.68,5.51±1.75;4.86±1.60, 5.53±1.83;5.01±2.22, 5.50±1.89;4.42±1.60,5.54 ±1.66 ;4.58±1.66, 5.56±1.84 ;4.64±1.29, 5.50±1.72 ;4.73±1.80, 5.50±1.72;and F had a significantly negative correlation with scores in Zung's SAS (r=-0.273,P ＜ 0.01 ;r=-0.217,P ＜ 0.05;r=-0.217,P ＜ 0.05) while factor Q4 had a significantly positive correlation(r=0.248 ,P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The development of anxiety with high scores in C, E, F and Q4 correlates with self-personality trait. These 4 personality traits may be susceptible factors in the development of anxiety disorder and may also affect its severity.