血管性痴呆的动物模型、神经病理及其胆碱能机制

目的建立血管性痴呆(VD)的动物模型,并探讨VD认知障碍的发病机制。方法建立老龄大鼠VD模型,进行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查、穿梭箱试验、神经病理检查和胆碱乙酰转移酶(ChAT)免疫组化测定。结果慢性脑血流灌注不足2月后出现明显的认知功能障碍,缺血4月后更明显;海马CA1区ChAT免疫反应阳性神经元分布及其数量较对照组显著减少,且与学习记忆障碍呈正相关。结论多发性脑梗死、进行性的皮层和海马神经元退变以及白质损害是VD的病理基础;额叶皮层和海马胆碱能神经元的损伤可能是认知功能受损害的形态学基础。

An animal model of vascular dementia,its pathological basis and cholinergic mechanism

Objective To build a model of vascular dementia(VD)in aging rat and to study the mechanis m of hypomnesia in vascular de-mentia.Methods The animal VD models were established.The rats were tested by a computerized shuttle-training case;The chan ges of cere-brovascular system were observed by digital subtraction angiography(DSA);The brain tissues were studied by im munohistochemical method for cholinergic acetyltransferase(ChAT)as a marker.Results The congnitive function of rats was o bviously reduced after two months of the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and became worse four months of that hypoperfusion,with a more marked decrease of positive ChAT like immunoreaction in CA1sector of hippocampus than con trol group,which had a significant positive correlation with memory dis orders.Conclusions The mech-anism of the hypomnesia of VD might be due to the impairment of cholinergic neurons in frontal cortex and hippoc ampus.