Ⅲ期压疮豚鼠模型的构建

背景:压疮的发生发展是一个由多种原因引起的复杂病理过程,加之受到伦理道德和法律上的限制,无法直接在人体上进行实验研究。目的:建立Ⅲ期压疮豚鼠模型,为压疮预防、诊断、治疗和发病机制提供研究依据。方法:根据缺血-再灌注原理,利用自制建模装置对豚鼠(n=3)左侧大转子处间歇性施加不同压力6.65,13.30,19.9526.60,33.25,39.90kPa循环,诱导Ⅲ期压疮的形成,从大体、组织病理和行为学3个方面对模型进行评价。结果与结论:各实验组创面颜色及形态学特征相似,但出现时间与压强大小成反比。组织苏木精-伊红染色显示不同程度的病理损害特征,6.65kPa组<13.30kPa组,19.95kPa组<33.25,39.90kPa组,其中13.30kPa压力时组织病理表现与人类Ⅲ期压疮最为近似。与对照组比较,施加不同压力的各组豚鼠饮食量、饮水量及体质量变化比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.01);随着施加的压强增加,豚鼠外观、精神状态、步态和性情逐步出现异常,其中6.65,13.30kPa组豚鼠行为异常最少。说明在13.30kPa压强下,采取缺血再灌注方式循环反复施加于豚鼠左侧大转子处,每天循环4次,连续12次(3d),后接5d硬痂下感染溶解期,可稳定重现Ⅲ期压疮创面,且对豚鼠行为学影响较小,可用于需长期观察的压疮研究。

Construction of an animal model for stage Ⅲ pressure ulcer in guinea pigs

BACKGROUND:The occurrence and development of pressure ulcers is a complex pathological process caused by a variety of reasons,coupled by the ethical and legal constraints.The relevant experiments cannot be directly done in the human body.OBJECTIVE:To construct an animal model for stage Ⅲ pressure ulcer in guinea pigs,which can provide evidence for studies on prevention,diagnosis,treatment and pathogenesis of pressure ulcer.METHODS:According to the ischemia-reperfusion principle,stage Ⅲ pressure ulcer was induced on the left trochanter of guinea pigs by exerting different pressures(6.65,13.3,19.95,26.60,33.25,39.90 kPa).The model was evaluated based on general,pathohistological and behavioral observation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Wound color and morphological features were similar among different groups,but appearing time was inversely proportional to the pressure size.Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed different degrees of histopathological injuries(6.65 kPa < 13.30,19.95 kPa < 33.25,39.90 kPa).When the pressure was 13.30 kPa,the pathohistological presence of the animal models was most similar to that of stage Ⅲ pressure ulcer in the human body.Compared with the control group,the experimental groups had a significant difference in food intake,water intake and body mass changes from the control group(P < 0.01).With the increase in the pressure applied,the appearance,mental status,gait and temperament of guinea pigs became abnormal gradually.Stage Ⅲ pressure ulcer model can be prepared under the pressure of 13.30 kPa on the left trochanter by the ischemia-reperfusion method,four cycles a day,12 cycles in a row(3 days) followed by 5 days without treatment.This model can be used for long-term observation of the pressure ulcer study.