基于行为转变理论微信健康教育对维持性血液透析患者自我管理效果的研究

目的探讨基于行为转变的微信干预模式对维持性血液透析患者自我管理的研究效果。方法选取60例维持性血液透析患者实施微信健康教育,健康教育方案是基于行为转变理论制订,包括血液透析专业知识、自我管理、科学饮食等方面内容。实施干预12周后,对患者的生化指标、自我管理水平及自我效能感得分进行干预前后比较。结果干预后患者自我管理得分较干预前有显著提升,表现在情绪处理和自我护理方面,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。干预后患者的生化指标白蛋白、血钾、肌酐、尿素氮的差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。患者的自我效能感提升。结论基于行为转变理论的微信健康教育可以改善维持性血液透析患者的生化指标,提高自我管理水平,帮助患者了解血液透析知识以及提升自信心,为今后改善血液透析患者自我管理提供一种新的干预模式。

Effect of the trans-theoretical model of behavior based WeChat health education on self-management among patients with maintenance hemodialysis

Objective To explore the effect of WeChat intervention model based on the trans-theoretical model of behavior(TTMB) on self-management of maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods Sixty cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients were given WeChat health education,and the health education program was based on TTMB,ineluding hemodialysis expertise,self-management,scientific diet and so on.After 12 weeks'intervention,the biochemical index,the self-management level and the self-efficacy score of patients were compared before and after intervention.Results The scores of self-management of patients after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention,which were expressed in terms of emotional management and self-care,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).After the intervention,the biochemical indexes diffences of albumin,serum potassium,creatinine and urea nitrogen of patients were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).The self-efficacy of patients were elevated.Conclusion The TTMB WeChat health education can improve the biochemical indexes and the level of self-management of maintenance hemodialysis patients,and it helps patients to understand hemodialysis knowledge as well as improve self-confident,to provide a new intervention model for improving self-management of hemodialysis patients in the future.