部分国家社会急救培训建设经验和启示

目的对部分发达国家社会急救培训实践经验进行梳理总结,为我国社会急救培训体系建设提供参考与建议。方法通过文献检索的方法对美国、德国、日本、新加坡四个国家在法律法规、培训机构或组织、培训种类和方式、培训内容、培训时间、培训标准和认证等方面的内容进行归纳总结。结果发达国家普遍构建了完备严谨的急救培训法律体系,重视对不同职业人群的培训并进行严格考核,采用多样培训方式传授急救知识或技能,并注重学校教育,积极引导社会力量参与其中。结论完善社会急救培训需要完善急救培训立法、注重培训人群的分级分类、规范培训流程与模式、健全考核评估制度、重视心理急救培训、培训方式多样化以及动员全社会参与等。

Experience and enlightenment of social first aid training in some coun-tries

Objective The practical experience of social first aid training in some developed countries was sorted out and summarized to provide reference and suggestions for the construction of social first aid training system in China.Methods The contents of laws and regulations,training institutions or organizations,training types and methods,train?ing contents,training time,training standards and certification in four countries,namely,the United States,Germany,Japan and Singapore,were summarized by means of literature search.Results Developed countries have generally es?tablished a complete and rigorous legal system for first aid training,attaching importance to the training of different oc?cupational groups and conducting strict assessment,adopting various training methods to teach first aid knowledge or skills,focusing on school education,and actively guiding social forces to participate in it.Conclusions In order to im?prove social first aid training,it is necessary to improve the legislation on first aid training,pay attention to the classifi?cation of training population,standardize the training process and mode,promote the assessment and evaluation system,focus on psychological first aid training,diversify the training methods,and mobilize the whole society to participate.