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药疹151例临床分析
引用本文:徐艳萍,方洪元,纪岩文.药疹151例临床分析[J].中国皮肤性病学杂志,2009,23(3).
作者姓名:徐艳萍  方洪元  纪岩文
作者单位:天津医科大学总医院皮肤科,天津,300052
摘    要:目的探讨药疹患者的临床特点及防治策略。方法对本院2002年1月~2007年12月住院药疹患者的临床资料进行分析。结果常见致敏药物中前四位为抗生素类占31.8%,解热镇痛药占20.5%,中药及中成药占9.3%,抗癫痫药占6.6%。主要的药疹类型为多形红斑型(35.1%)、荨麻疹型(23.8%)、麻疹样/猩红热样型(19.9%)。重症药疹29例,主要由解热镇痛药及抗癫痫药引起,分别为8例和6例,均给予糖皮质激素治疗,1例自动出院,其余痊愈。结论引起药疹的主要致敏药物是抗生素类及解热镇痛药。药疹类型以多形红斑型、荨麻疹型及麻疹样/猩红热样型最常见。及早足量应用糖皮质激素是重症药疹治疗的关键。

关 键 词:药疹  致敏药物  临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 151 Patients with Drug Eruptions
XU Yan-ping,FANG Hong-yuan,JI Yan-wen.Clinical Analysis of 151 Patients with Drug Eruptions[J].The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology,2009,23(3).
Authors:XU Yan-ping  FANG Hong-yuan  JI Yan-wen
Abstract:Objective To study the clinical features and the prevention and treatment of drug eruption patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinica1 data of all inpatients with drug eruption in our hospital from Jan 2002 to Dec 2007.Results The drugs most often responsible for the drug eruption were antibiotics(31.8%),followed by the antipyretic analgesics(20.5%),Chinese medicine(9.3%),anti-epilepsy drugs(6.6%).The most common clinical types were erythema multiforme(35.1%),urticaria(23.8%),morbilliform-scarlatiniform exanthema(19.9%).Among 29 severe drug eruptions,8 and 6 were caused by antipyretic analgesics and anti-epilepsy drugs respectively,and 28 cases were cured by administering glucocorticoid.Conclusion Antibiotics and antipyretic analgesics are the most frequent causes of drug eruptions.The most commonly eruptions are erythema multiforme,urticaria and morbilliform-scarlatiniform exanthema.Early and sufficiently administering glucocorticoid are the key in the treatment of severe drug eruptions.
Keywords:Drug eruption  Causative agents  Clinical analysis
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