Microfabricated airflow nozzle for microencapsulation of living cells into 150 micrometer microcapsules |
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Authors: | Shinji Sugiura Tatsuya Oda Yasuyuki Aoyagi Ryota Matsuo Tsuyoshi Enomoto Kunio Matsumoto Toshikazu Nakamura Mitsuo Satake Atsushi Ochiai Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Mitsutoshi Nakajima |
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Institution: | (1) Food Engineering Division, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan;(2) Research Center of Advanced Bionics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5th, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan;(3) Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan;(4) Division of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Course of Advanced Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan;(5) Diagnostics Radiology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan;(6) Pathology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba, 277-8577, Japan |
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Abstract: | Microencapsulation of genetically engineered cells has attracted much attention as an alternative nonviral strategy to gene
therapy. Though smaller microcapsules (i.e. less than 300 μm) theoretically have various advantages, technical limitations
made it difficult to prove this notion. We have developed a novel microfabricated device, namely a micro-airflow-nozzle (MAN),
to produce 100 to 300 μm alginate microcapsules with a narrow size distribution. The MAN is composed of a nozzle with a 60 μm
internal diameter for an alginate solution channel and airflow channels next to the nozzle. An alginate solution extruded
through the nozzle was sheared by the airflow. The resulting alginate droplets fell directly into a CaCl2 solution, and calcium alginate beads were formed. The device enabled us to successfully encapsulate living cells into 150 μm
microcapsules, as well as control microcapsule size by simply changing the airflow rate. The encapsulated cells had a higher
growth rate and greater secretion activity of marker protein in 150 μm microcapsules compared to larger microcapsules prepared
by conventional methods because of their high diffusion efficiency and effective scaffold surface area. The advantages of
smaller microcapsules offer new prospects for the advancement of microencapsulation technology. |
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Keywords: | Material fabrication Cell encapsulation Microcapsule Size control Microfluidic device |
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