SD大鼠眶下神经微血管的结构特点*

目的： 通过去除和不去除眶下神经外膜焦点堆迭的对比及H-E 染色，研究大鼠眶下神经微血管解剖结构 特点。方法： 10%水合氯醛腹腔内注射麻醉大鼠，开胸插管后依次用0.9% 氯化钠和4%多聚甲醛灌流，再用 37℃ 5%明胶- 墨汁混合液灌注，解剖游离眶下神经，将去除和未去除神经外膜的眶下神经制成透明标本后获取 不同焦距层面照片进行焦点堆迭，石蜡包埋后，切片行H-E 染色，观察大鼠眶下神经微血管的分支、分布及走行 特点。结果：大鼠眶下神经外膜染色呈大片区域的深染，近心端染色更深。去除神经外膜的眶下神经微血管清晰 度高。眶下神经微血管的数量众多、密度大、染色深，近心端管径较大，微血管在不同层面发出的分支吻合形成 微血管网。在神经纤维之间分布较多管径较小的微血管，多沿神经纤维纵向迂曲走行，在走行过程中可斜向或纵 向发出分支吻合成网。结论： SD 大鼠眶下神经微血管数量多、密度大，在迂曲走行过程中发出分支并吻合成网状。

Anatomical features of microvessels in the infraorbital nerve of SD rats*

Objective To study the anatomical features of the infraorbital nerve microvessels in SD rats by HE staining and compare focus stacked images with or without removal of infraorbital epineurium. Methods The SD rats were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate by intraperitoneal injection. Cardiovascular system was perfused with saline， 4% paraformaldehyde and 5% gelatin-ink at 37 ℃ in order. The free infraorbital nerve in rats was dissected. The infraorbital nerves with and without removal of the epicardium were made into transparent specimens， and photos of different focal planes were taken for focus stacking. The paraffin-embedded sections were stained with H-E to observe the branches， distribution and running characteristics of the infraorbital nerve microvessels. Results The infraorbital nerve epithelium of SD rats was stained in a large area and stained deeper at the proximal end. The infraorbital nerve microvessels without the epicardium was of high clarity. There were numerous microvessels in the infraorbital nerve of SD rats， the density was high， the staining was deep， the diameter of the proximal end was larger， and the branches of the microvessels at different levels formed a microvascular network. There were many microvessels with smaller diameters between the nerve fibers， which were mostly twisted along the longitudinal direction of nerve fibers. The microvessels could be branched or meshed obliquely or longitudinally during the running process. Conclusion The SD rats have a large number of suborbital nerve microvessels with a high density， and the microvessels branch out and anastomose into a network during the process of distortion.