中国城市汉族人身高、体质量与纬度的关系

目的:研究中国城市汉族人的身高、体质量与纬度的相关性。方法:根据随机采样原则,按照《人体测量方法》的规定,2009年~2013年在中国22个省共31个地区测量了10 451例城市汉族人的身高、体质量等20项指标值,并计算了7项指数和体脂率。结果:随纬度增加,男性、女性的头部、面部、躯干、下肢的高度值均增大,共同导致身高与纬度呈正相关。下肢全长增加的速度均超过身高增加的速度,北方汉族人的下肢占身高的比例大于南方汉族。随纬度增加,汉族城市人身体脂肪逐渐增多,胸腔、腹腔内脏器官和脂肪的体积增加、躯干宽度增大、躯干骨骼增重、臀部肌肉及脂肪增多;女性上臂、背部、腹部、小腿的皮下脂肪厚度呈线性增加,男性背部皮下脂肪厚度随纬度增加而呈线性增厚,男性大腿骨骼、女性上臂骨骼变得粗大,女性上臂肌肉逐渐发达,这些变化共同导致了体质量与纬度呈正相关。结论:汉族城市成年男性、女性的身高、体质量均与纬度呈正相关。

Correlation of geographical latitude with stature and body weight of urban Han people in China

Objective:To explore the correlation of latitude with stature and body weight of urban Han people in China.Methods:From 2009 to 2013,10 451 Han adults living in 31 cities of 22 provinces were randomly sampled and twenty indicators induding sature and body weight were examined in accordance with anthropometric methods.Seven indexes and percentage of body fat were then calculated,and correlation of latitude with indicators or indexes was statistically analyzed.Results:The indicators including auricular height,morphological facial height,sitting height,height of suprasternal notch above sitting plane and lower extremity length in both males and females increased along with geographic latitude,and resulted in positive correlation between latitude and stature.Additionally,the stature-lower extremity length in both males and females was positively correlated with latitude,and lower extremities of subjects grew faster than stature.Besides,body weight,hip circumference,skinfold thickness,stature-chest circumference index,stature-shoulder breadth index,staturecrista iliaca index both in males and females increased along with latitude,which led to positive correlation of latitude with body mass index,body adiposity index and percentage of body fat.And data of triceps skinfold,subscapular skinfold,suprailiac skinfold,calf skinfold from female subjects were positively correlated with latitude.Conclusion:The stature and body weight of male and female urban Han people positively correlate with latitude.