8～16岁苗族学生体型分析

目的：探讨广西苗族中小学生体型特点与规律。方法：应用Heath-Carter人体测量法，对广西8～16岁苗族学生体型进行研究。结果：(1)苗族平均体型男生为均衡的中胚层体型(1．9-4．1-2．3)，女生为偏内胚层的中胚层体型(2．8-3．8-2．0)；(2)苗族男生8～16岁间随着年龄增加，中、外因子值明显增加，内因子值略有减少；(3)苗族女生自10～岁起，随着年龄增加外因子值减少，内、中因子值明显增加，15～16岁有所回落；(4)苗族学生男、女之间体型除8、9～岁组外，其余年龄组差异显著；苗族男生体型分布较集中。女生体型分布较分散。结论：与其他民族比较，苗族学生身材矮小，皮下脂肪少。

Heath-Carter of Miao-nationality student aged 8 to 16

Objective: To approach the character of the somatotype of the aboriginal Miao primary and high school students in Longlin,Guangxi Province. Methods: The Heath-Carter somatotype method was applied to study the somatotype of Miao students (454 males, 360 females) with age ranging from 8 to 16 in Ronglin country of Guangxi. Results: (1)The mean somatotype of male students was balanced mesomorph category(1.9-4.1-2.3), while that of females was endomorphic mesomoph category (2.8-3.8-2.0);(2)For male students aged 8-16, the value of mesomorph and ectomorph was significantly increased with age, and that of the endomorph was slightly reduced. (3)For the female students, the value of ectomorph decreased with age except for the group aged over 10. And the value of endomorph and mesomorph increased significantly, but reduced at the age of 15 and 16. (4)Each group had significant sexual difference in the somatotype except the group aged 8,9 or above. The somatotype of male students distributed concentratively, but that of the females distributed dispersively. Conclusion: Compared with the other nationalities, the Miao students has less fat and are shorter in stature.