基于干燥标本距下关节面的解剖学测量及临床意义

目的:分析干燥标本距下关节面的解剖学形态特点,并比较不同形态关节面的解剖学参数,为预防下肢运动损伤和治疗跟骨骨折提供解剖学依据.方法:选取本校人体解剖学教研室人体干燥右跟骨标本,根据距下关节前、中、后3个关节面的融合与分离程度进行分型.测量不同类型跟骨3个关节面的长轴之和、短轴之和、跟骨Gissane角、Bohler角...

Anatomical measurement of subtalar articular surface in dried specimens and its clinical significance

Objective:To analyze the anatomical characteristics of the subtalar articular surface of dried specimen and compare the anatomical parameters of different morphological articular surfaces,so as to provide anatomical basis for the prevention of lower limb sports injuries and the treatment of calcaneal fractures.Methods:One hundred and seventy-seven dry calcaneus specimens were selected from the Department of Human Anatomy of our school,and were classified by the degree of fusion and separation of the anterior,middle,posterior articular surfaces of the subtalar joint.The long axis sum and the short axis sum of the three articular surfaces,the Bohler’s angle,Gissane’s angle and the tilt angle of the posterior articular surface of different types of calcaneus were measured.Results:According to the degree of fusion and separation of the three articular surfaces,the calcaneal subtalar joints could be divided into four types(typeⅠto typeⅣ).Among them,typeⅡwas the most common,and the ratio of the area of the anterior and middle articular surface to the posterior articular surface was the largest.TypeⅢhad fewer cases.In typeⅣ,the ratio of the area of the anterior and middle articular surface to the posterior articular surface was the smallest.In terms of other anatomical parameters,the sum of long axis of typeⅣwas significantly smaller than that of other types.The sum of the short axis of type I was greater significantly than other types.The Gissane’s angle of typeⅢwas smaller significantly than other types.There was no obvious difference between the four types in Bohler’s angle.The tilt angle of the posterior articular surface of typeⅡwas significantly greater than other types.Conclusion:The subtalar articular surface can be divided into four types,and the different types of force characteristics and morphological characteristics are mutative,which are of great significance in preventing lower limb sports injuries and clinical treatment of calcaneal fractures.