股骨下端骺微血管的观察

本文报道用微血管造影及组织切片的方法,观察了18例胚胎和10例儿童的股骨下端骺。结果发现仅关节软骨内无血管。而软骨骺内的血管分布有一定规律:从髁间窝来的血管分布于骺中心区域;两髁侧面来的血管分布于两髁外侧份;骺软骨板附近的血管主要来自髌面上方及髁间窝上方。骺骨化中心最早围绕软骨管发生。骨化向周围扩展的速度不均匀,靠近血管处比远离血管处扩展块。骺未化骨时,其内的血管处于软骨管内,在化骨过程中,部分转变为骨骺血管,继续供应骺骨化中心: 2岁前,仅由3～5支来自髁间窝的血管供应;2岁后,髌面上方来的血管也开始进入;5岁后,两髁侧面来的血管相继开始供应骺骨化中心。

MICROANGIOGRAPHIC OBSERVATION OF THE DISTAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSES

The distal femoral epiphyses of 18 human foetus and 10 children were studied by microangiographic and histological methods. The results showed that only the articular cartilage is avascular. Characteristic of vascularity in the chondroepiphyses is that the blood vessels coming from inter-condylar fossa are distributed in the center of chondroepiphyses, those coming from medial and lateral aspects of the condyles are distributed in the outer part of the condyles and those closing to epiphyseal plate mainly come from the area superior to the patellar surface and the area superior to the inter-condylar fossa. The secondary center of ossification first takes place around cartilage canal. The increase of the ossification center is faster in the areas adjacent to blood vessels than the areas far from blood vessels. The blood vessels within cartilage canals in the chondroepiphyses transform to epiphyseal vessels which remained as the blood supply to the ossification center during ossification process. Before 2 years of age, the blood vessels supplying the ossification center are 3-5 vessels coming from inter-condylar fossa. After 2 years of age, the blood vessels coming from the area superior to the patellar surface begin to supply the ossification center. After 5 years of age, the blood vessels coming from lateral aspects of the condyles also take part in the supply of the ossification center.