拓扑优化技术在骨科植入物创新设计的应用进展

得益于近年来增材制造技术（又称3D打印技术）的迅速发展，有别于传统规格化骨科植入物，制造内外部结构复杂的新型植入物成为可能。有限元分析方法一直以来都是骨科植入物创新设计极具价值的研究手段之一，并具有高效率、低成本、可靠性高等特点，而在此基础上进一步延伸的拓扑优化技术因其在非参数结构优化中的广泛应用，现已从结构工程领域逐渐被拓展到定制化骨科植入物的设计中，初步显示出其巨大的应用价值。本文综述了拓扑优化技术在骨科植入物领域的应用和发展过程，特别对其在脊柱、关节和创伤骨科器械设计中的应用现状进行了详细的论述。最后，总结现有技术的局限性，展望了拓扑优化在定制化骨科植入物研究领域的发展趋势。

Applications of topology optimization in innovative design of orthopedic implants

Due to the rapid development of additive manufacturing technology (also called 3D printing technology) in past decade, it is possible to manufacture new implants with complex internal and external structures, comparing to those on traditional standardized implants. Finite element analysis, known as one of the most valuable methods for innovative design of orthopedic implants, is characterized with satisfying cost-effectiveness and reliability. The further extension of topology optimization technology has been gradually extended from the field of structural engineering to the design of customized orthopedic implants due to its non-parametric structural optimization, exhibiting its great application value preliminarily. We review development and application of topological optimization technology in orthopedic implants, more specifically in the implant design for spinal, joint, and traumatic surgeries. At last, trend of topology optimization in the field of customized orthopedic implants and limitations of current techniques are summarized.