柔嫩艾美耳球虫山西分离株的分离与致病性观察

运用单卵囊分离技术，从山西省某鸡场鸡球虫感染粪便样品中获得l株纯种球虫，鉴定为柔嫩艾美耳球虫并命名为Eimeria tenella SX010323，并对其致病性进行了研究。（1）该球虫卵囊寄生于盲肠、为宽卵圆形，卵囊壁光滑、褐色，无卵膜孔，有极粒，无内、外残体。孢子囊呈长卵圆形，有斯氏体。卵囊大小范围为（16．80～28．80）μm×（14．40～25．20）μm，平均大小为（21．54±0．24）μm×（17．85±0．24）μm，形状指数为1．21±0．05。子孢子，大小范围为（10．20～12．75）μm×（4．40—7．25）μm，平均大小为（11．54±0．24）μm×（6．27±0．43）μm。潜隐期为141h，最短孢子化时间为19h；（2）63只11日龄的海兰白公雏随机分为7组，分别口服感染此新鲜卵囊1×10^3、5×10^3、1×10^4、2×10^4、5×10^4、1．0×10^5个，并设立不感染对照组。结果表明：所有感染组增重均低于对照组（P〈O．05），各感染组间随着感染剂量的增加，增重和增重率显著降低，血便率和盲肠病变记分增加（P〈0．05）；（3）将4℃分别保存17、13、10、4、1个月和新鲜孢子化的虫株卵囊，以1．5×10^4个／只的剂量感染11日龄雏鸡，每组10只。结果表明：保存1个月和4个月活力较高，保存10个月活力开始下降，保存13、17个月活力下降较大。

SEPARATION AND PATHOGENICITY OF EIMERIA TENELLA ISOLATEDFROM SHANXI PROVINCE

One Eimeria teneUa strain was separated from chicken feces in Shanxi province, China by single-oocyst separation technology and identified as E. tenella SX010323. At the same time, the pathogenicity of SX010323 was evaluated. （ 1 ） SX010323 ooeyst was broadly ovoid, （21.54 ± 0.24） μm× （17.85 ± 0.24） μm in size, and with a smooth, brown wall, without a micropore, sporocyst residuum and oocyst residuum, with a polar granule and the shape index was 1.21 ± 0.05. The sporocysts was （11.54 ± 0.24）μm× （6.27 ± 0.43 ） μm in size. The period of sporulatic and minimum prepatent was 19 h and 141 h, respectively. （2） In order to study its pathogenicity, 63 ll-day old chickens was randomly separated for 7 groups, six groups was fed with six different doses （1×10^3, 5×10^3, 1 ×10^4, 2×10^4, 5×10^4, 1.0×10^5） of SX010323 oocysts by orally respectively, and the other group was as a control. The clinical signs of infected chickens, included anorexia, depression and excreting quantities of watery feces containing blood and mucus, appeared seriously with the dose. Experimental results showed that the weight gained of all treated groups was lower than that of control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and average lesions score of cecum raised with the dose （ P 〈 0.05）, so was the rate of bloody stool; While the weight gain decreased （ P 〈 0.05 ） in all the infected groups in different degree. （3） The viability of oocysts preserved for 1 and 4 months was higher than that of oocysts preserved for 10 months, while weakened for those preserved for 13 and 17 months.