三Endobutton技术解剖重建喙锁韧带与改良Weaver-Dunn术式的生物力学分析

目的对比三Endobutton技术解剖重建喙锁韧带与改良Weaver-Dunn术式的生物力学表现。方法 12具新鲜冰冻尸肩,分别从前、后及上3个方向对标本施加70 N应力,测量锁骨相对于肩胛骨的位移,完成后以25 mm/min的速率向上进行破坏试验,记录破坏负荷及断裂模式。将标本随机分为Endobutton组和改良Weaver-Dunn组,分别进行三Endobutton重建和改良Weaver-Dunn重建,重建后进行移位试验和破坏试验,比较不同情况下肩锁关节稳定性和力学强度。结果 Endobutton组比改良Weaver-Dunn组向前((8.72±1.41)mm vs(37.03±5.05)mm)及向后((8.03±3.68)mm vs(14.85±1.89)mm)的移位更小(P<0.05),与重建前喙锁韧带完整时(向前(7.81±2.22)mm,向后(7.16±1.95)mm)接近。向上移位各组间无明显差异。改良Weaver-Dunn组的破坏负荷为(172±9)N,明显低于Endobutton组(687±115)N和韧带完整组(685±234)N(P<0.05)。结论三Endobutton解剖重建喙锁韧带较改良Weaver-Dunn术式向前、向后移位更小,稳定性更接近于原完整韧带,且强度与喙锁韧带相近,能更好地恢复喙锁韧带的功能。

Biomechanical comparison between triple Endobutton technique and modified Weaver Dunn procedure for anatomical reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament

Objective To compare the biomechanical behavior of a triple Endobutton technique for anatomic reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament and with a modified Weaver-Dunn procedure. Methods Twelve fresh frozen cadaveric shoulders were applied with 70 N in superior, anterior and posterior direction, respectively, to measure displacement of the acromioclavicular joint. The failure test with the load at the rate of 25 mm/min was conducted to record the failure load and failure mode. The specimens were then randomly assigned to 2 groups: the triple Endobutton technique group and the modified Weaver-Dunn procedure group for reconstruction and to conduct displacement test and failure test again. The stability and mechanical strength of acromioclavicular joints after reconstruction under different states were then compared. Results The triple Endobutton technique group had significantly less anterior ((8.72±1.41) mm vs (37.03±5.05) mm) and posterior ((8.03±3.68) mm vs (14.85±1.89) mm) displacement than that in the modified Weaver-Dunn procedure group after reconstruction (P<0.05), and the former had similar displacement ((7.81±2.22) mm anterior and (7.16±1.95) mm posterior) as compared to the intact state. There were no significant differences in superior displacement among the groups. The modified Weaver-Dunn procedure group had significantly smaller failure loads ((172±9) N) than that in the triple Endobutton technique group ((687±115) N) and the intact ligament group ((685±234) N) (P<0.05). Conclusions The triple Endobutton technique has less anterior and posterior displacement and its stability is more closely approximate to the intact ligament; meanwhile, it has similar strength as coracoclavicular ligaments, which can better restore the function of coracoclavicular ligaments.