全膝关节置换术后早期步态与预后功能的相关性分析

目的探讨全膝关节置换(total knee arthroplasty, TKA)术后14 d步态参数与术后3个月膝关节功能和生活质量的相关性。方法采用三维步态系统分析18名患者TKA术后14 d患侧步行特征,运用WOMAC和SF-36评价量表评估患者TKA术后3个月的膝关节功能指数及生活质量并分析其相关性。结果 TKA术后14 d,术侧单支撑时间和摆动期膝关节屈角峰值均显著小于健侧,术侧站立中期膝关节屈角和膝外翻角均显著大于健侧;步行过程中,术侧的时空参数指标与WOMAC评分存在中度负相关,膝屈角峰值、站立中期膝屈角及外翻角与WOMAC评分存在高度相关性;除步长、步速外,其余步态参数指标均与SF-36生活质量评分具有显著相关性。其中,单支撑时间和膝关节屈角峰值具有高度正相关,站立中期膝屈角及外翻角具有中度负相关。结论术后早期(14 d)步态分析结果中术侧单支撑时间、站立中期膝关节屈角、膝外翻角及摆动期膝关节屈角峰值可以作为判断TKA手术预后膝关节功能及生活质量康复疗效的有效指标。

Correlation Analysis on Early Gait and Prognosis Function after Total Knee Arthroplasty

Objective To explore the correlation between gait parameters at 14 days and knee function and quality of life at 3 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Eighteen patients who underwent TKA were analyzed by using three-dimensional gait analysis system to observe their gait parameters. Knee joint function and life quality of the patients at 3 months after TKA were evaluated with WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index) and SF-36 (short form 36-item health survey scores) assessment scale and their correlations were analyzed simultaneously. Results At 14 days after TKA, single support time (SST) and peak knee flexion at swing (PKF) of the operated side of the leg were significantly smaller than those of the healthy side of the leg. The knee flexion angle at mid-stance (MKF) and knee valgus angle at mid-stance (MKV) of the operated side of the leg were significantly larger than those of the healthy side of the leg. There was a moderate negative correlation between the spatiotemporal parameters of the operated side of the leg and the WOMAC score during gait, while a high correlation between the WOMAC score and peak knee flexion at swing (PKF), MKF and MKV. Except for the step length and forward velocity, the other gait parameters were significantly correlated with SF-36 life quality score. The single support time (SST) and PKF had a highly positive correlation, while the MKF and MKV had a moderate negative correlation with SF-36 life quality score. Conclusions The SST, MKF, MKV and PKF in postoperative early gait analysis (14 days) results can be used as the effective indicators to judge postoperative knee function and rehabilitation efficacy of life quality after TKA surgery.