新生期大鼠接种卡介苗对空间学习能力和海马突触可塑性的影响

目的检测免疫接种卡介苗（BCG）后大鼠行为学，电生理，海马神经元树突棘的变化。为进一步研究疫苗接种对突触传递和学习记忆的影响提供依据。方法实验分为卡介组和对照组。新生Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠于出生24h内背部皮下接种卡介苗，对照组皮下注射等量的PBS。4周时水迷宫检测其行为学的变化，在体LTP测其电生理的变化，并使用基因枪散射DiI染料法检测海马神经元树突棘的变化。结果与其对照组相比，卡介组空间学习记忆能力明显增强：LTP结果显著优于对照组；海马神经元树突棘的密度以及蘑菇样（mushroom）增多。结论新生期成功接种疫苗可以提高大鼠突触传递的可塑性并促进其学习记忆能力。

Effect of BCG vaccination on spatial learning and synaptic plasticity in neonatal rats

Objective To detect the variation of behavioral tests, LTP and dendritic spines of hippocampus after vaccination, and make foundation for the effect of vaccination on synaptic transmission and learning. Methods The animals wenl divided into 2 groups： BCG group and the control group. Neonatal Sprague-Dawley（SD）rats received a BCG subcutaneous injection within 24h after born and the control group received subcutaneous injection of the same amount of PBS. We detected the cognition by the Morris water maze, the eleetrophysiology by LTP in vivo and dendritic spines in hippocampus by gene gun scattering DiI dye assay. Results Compared with the control group, rates in the experimental group showed better spatial learning and memory ability. The LTP results were significantly better than the control group. The density of dendritic spines and mushroom spines in hippocampal neurons increased in BCG group. Conclusion Successful vaccination in neonatal rats can increase synaptic transmission and promote the learning and memory ability.