颈椎脊神经沟及其沟内段脊神经形态学观察

目的　探讨脊神经沟与沟内段脊神经受嵌压的关系。方法　取 6 0具成尸 (男 2 8,女 32 ) 12 0侧颈椎 ,对脊神经沟外口宽度、深度及其沟内段脊神经前支横径进行观察 ,并统计脊神经前支横径与脊神经沟外口宽度之比。结果　①脊神经沟外口宽度、深度自颈 3至颈 6均逐渐增大 ,其平均值分别为 4 5± 1 2mm和4 3± 1 2mm ;② 3到 7颈神经前支横径逐渐增大 ,平均值为 2 9± 1 0mm ;③颈神经前支横径与脊神经沟外口宽度之比 ,颈 5最小 (1∶1 5 4 ) ,颈 4次之 (1∶1 6 7) ,颈 3最大 (1∶1 75 )。结论　脊神经沟与沟内段脊神经受累关系密切 ,下颈段 (5、6 )颈神经受累机率可能大于上颈段 (3、4 )。

Observation of Morphology of the Spinal Nerve Sulcus and its Spinal Nerves

Objective To investigate the relationship between the spinal nerve sulcus and spinal nerve lesion. Methods The width, depth of the lateral opening of spinal nerve sulcus and outside diameters of spinal nerves were measured on 60 cases (male 28, remale 32) adult cadavers (total 120 sides). In the article, the ratios of spinal nerve external diameter to width of the lateral opening of spinal nerve sulcus were processed statistically. Results From C3to C6, the width and the depth of the lateral opening of spinal nerve sulcus increased gradually and their average values were respectively 4.5±1.2mm and 4.3±1.2mm. From C3 to C7, the external diameter of spinal nerves increased gradually and its average value was 2.9±1.0mm. According to the ratios of spinal nerve to spinal nerve sulcus, it is proved that C5 was 1∶1.54, the C4 was 1∶1.67, C3 was 1∶1.75.Conclusion It is suggested that the site of spinal nerve sulcus has intimate relations with the spinal nerve lesions and the rate of the spinal nerve lesion at C5 and C6 is probably much higher than the others.