Prevalence and species distribution of microorganisms isolated among non-pregnant women affected by vulvovaginal candidiasis: A retrospective study over a 20 year-period |
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| Authors: | Jari Intra Maria Roberta Sala Paolo Brambilla Davide Carcione Valerio Leoni |
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| Institution: | 1. Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Milano-Bicocca, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Monza ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, via Pergolesi 33, 20900, Monza (MB), Italy;2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Brianza ASST-Brianza, Desio Hospital, via Mazzini 1, 20833, Desio (MB), Italy;1. Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;2. Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;3. Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;4. Microbiology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States;1. Microbiology Department, Parasitology-Mycology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Paris University, AP–HP, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France;2. Microbiology Department, Parasitology-Mycology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Paris University, Necker-Enfants Maladies Hospital, 75015 Paris, France;3. Medical Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Descartes University, AP–HP, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, 75015 Paris, France;4. Fungal Biology and Pathogenicity. Institut Pasteur, Paris, France;5. Dynamyc EA 7380, Paris-Créteil University, Créteil, France;1. Department of Neurology, The Third affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510530, P. R. China;2. Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, P. R. China;3. Department of Medical Records, The Third affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510530, P. R. China;1. Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Department, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France;2. Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Centre, CRSA, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Parasitology and Mycology Department, 75012 Paris, France;3. Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France;4. Pharmacy, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France;1. Laboratório de Radioisótopos, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Campus Pampulha, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Inflamação, Universidade Federal de São João del–Rei (UFSJ) - Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. Fundação Ezequiel Dias (FUNED), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;4. Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Campus Pampulha, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;1. Department of Parasitology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue 49000, Viet Nam;2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, Sassari 07100, Italy |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundVulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is the second most common infection of the genital tract affecting millions of women worldwide. Data concerning the distribution and antifungal resistance of Candida species responsible of VVC vary among countries and population studied. Objectives: The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida species among symptomatic women over a 20-year period.MethodsA total of 5,820 unique samples were retrospectively identified. Out of them, 1,046 (18%) were diagnosed with VVC.ResultsWomen between 18 and 30 years had the highest prevalence rate of VVC (21%). Women aged less than 18 years and greater than 51 years had the highest prevalence rates of vaginal bacterial infections. Thirty-five (3.3%) women presented recurrent VVC. The most common yeast isolated was C. albicans, followed by C. glabrata, C. krusei, and C. parapsilosis. Non-Candida albicans species (NAC) were more significantly isolated among women aged 51 or above, than in women included in other groups (p < 0.01). Resistance to fluconazole and amphotericin B was infrequent in C. albicans strains. Resistance to fluconazole and amphotericin B was infrequent in C. albicans strains. NAC species presented higher resistance rates against fluconazole (30%) and voriconazole (25%). C. krusei and C. glabrata isolates showed lower MICs than most of the strains against amphotericin B (1 mg/L) and flucytosine (1 mg/L).ConclusionsOur findings indicated that continued surveillance on Candida species distribution and non-susceptibility rates to antifungals should be routinely reported to help the selection of the most appropriate drug, to avoid the emergence of resistant strains, and to improve the patient's outcomes. |
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| Keywords: | Candida species Prevalence Vulvovaginal candidiasis Non-pregnant women Vaginal swab |
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