心房颤动时心房肌细胞L型Ca2+通道与肌浆网间Ca2+信号转导的探讨

目的：探讨房颤时心房肌细胞膜上L型Ca2+通道与肌浆网之间的Ca2+信号转导。 方法： 杂种犬10条，随机分为正常对照组和单纯房颤组。房颤组用起搏器行右心房快速起搏（500±20）次/分，术后观测24周。正常对照组不植入起搏器。胶原酶Ⅱ型分离心房肌细胞，用激光共聚焦显微镜检测L型Ca2+ 通道对细胞内Ca2+浓度变化的影响；L型Ca2+通道与肌浆网三磷酸肌醇受体（IP3R）和兰尼碱受体（RyR）之间的Ca2+信号转导。 结果： （1）L型Ca2+通道与肌浆网IP3R之间的Ca2+信号转导：正常对照组、单纯房颤组的心房肌细胞在用mibefradil和丁卡因分别阻滞T型Ca2+通道和RyR后给予细胞膜激动剂时，细胞内Ca2+浓度均升高（分别为1.4000±0.0776和1.5169±0.4414），组间比较无显著差异（P＞0.05）；（2）L型Ca2+通道与肌浆网RyR之间的Ca2+信号转导：正常对照组的心房肌细胞在用mibefradil和肝素分别阻滞T型Ca2+通道和IP3R后给予细胞膜激动剂时，细胞内Ca2+浓度升高（1.5576±0.1989），单纯房颤组的细胞内Ca2+浓度也升高（1.5372±0.2952），两组间比较无显著差异（P＞0.05）。 结论： 房颤时L型Ca2+通道与RyR和IP3R之间可能存在信号转导，但其可能在房颤时的细胞内Ca2+超载及异常Ca2+信号转导方面不起重要作用。

An approach to calcium signal transmission between L-type calcium channel and sarcoplasmic reticulum of atrial myocytes during atrial fibrillation

AIM: To inquire into the Ca2+ signal transmission from L-type calcium channel to the sarcoplasma reticulum in atrial fibrillation. METHODS: Ten adult cross-bred dogs were used in the experiment. Five dogs underwent continuous rapid atrial pacing (500±20 beats/min) for twenty-four weeks to create persistent atrial fibrillation. Another group of size-matched dogs (n=5) without pacemaker implantation was used as a control group. Canine atrial myocytes were isolated by enzymatic dissociation. The Ca2+ cytosolic transient in atrial myocytes was analyzed by confocal imaging after loading myocytes with the acetoxymethyl ester of fluo-3 (Fluo-3/AM). Ca2+ signal transmission from L-type Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane to the sarcoplasma reticular IP3R and RyR in atrial myocytes during atria fibrillation were measured. RESULTS: (1) Ca2+ signal transmission from L-type calcium channel to IP3R in the sarcoplasma reticulum:intracellular Ca2+concentration was slightly increased in two groups after blocking T-type calcium channel and RyR, but showed no statistic significance (P＞0.05) between them. (2) Ca2+ signal transmission from L-type calcium channel to RyR in the sarcoplasma reticulum: intracellular Ca2+concentration was risen (1.5576±0.1989) in control groups after blocking T-type calcium channel and IP3R, and no significance was observed (P＞0.05) compared with that in atrial fibrillation group (1.5372±0.2952). CONCLUSIONS: Ca2+ signal transmission possibly exists from L-type calcium channel to RyR and IP3R in the sarcoplasma reticulum, but it does not play an important role in intracellular Ca2+-overload and abnormal Ca2+ signal transmission during atrial fibrillation.