大鼠慢性酒精性脂肪肝造模方法的改进

目的用一种简单可行且与临床接近的方法建立大鼠慢性酒精性脂肪肝模型。方法将66只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组、白糖组、模型组3组。正常对照组大鼠自由饮水;白糖组大鼠自由饮用含10%的糖水;模型组大鼠自由饮用55°二锅头白酒配制成不同浓度的酒水饮料,并含有10%的白糖,其白酒度按照5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%（V/V）逐渐递增,每个浓度持续10 d,40%时维持20周。并于第15、20、25周末随机取2只模型组大鼠行肝脏病理切片观察,造模结束后测定各组血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）及血脂四项指标即甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（CHO）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDLC）水平并观察肝脏病理形态学改变。结果随着造模时间延长,模型组肝脏脂肪变性程度逐渐加重,造模结束后肝脏病理提示为重度脂肪变性,血清转氨酶及血脂（TG、CHO、LDLC）水平明显升高,与正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义（ALT：P〈0.01,AST、TG、CHO、LDLC：P〈0.001）,HDLC水平降低,与正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论本造模方法与人类慢性酒精性脂肪肝的发生发展相似,并且简单易行,稳定,可重复,动物死亡率低,为慢性酒精性脂肪肝的相关研究提供了较有价值的动物模型。

Improvement of the method for establishing chronic alcoholic fatty liver model in rats

Objective To establish chronic alcoholic fatty liver model in rats with a relatively simple and feasible way similar with clinical situation.Methods Sixty-six healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups： normal control group,sugar group and model group.Rats in normal control group drank water freely;rats in sugar group drank water containing 10% sugar freely;rats in model group drank liquor freely.And the liquor was prepared by 55%（V/V） Red Star Erguotou and contained 10% sugar,the alcohol concentration of which increased gradually from 5%,10%,15%,20%,25%,30%,35% to 40%（V/V）.Each concentration was supplied for ten days and the concentration 40% for twenty weeks.And at the end of 15,20,25 week,two rats in model group were randomly selected for pathological observation.After modeling the pathological changes of liver were observed in each group and the serum level of aspartame aminotransferase（AST）,almandine aminotransferase（ALT）,triglyceride（TG）,total cholesterol（CHO）,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDLC）,low-density and lipoprotein cholesterol（LDLC） were detected.Results The levels of ALT,AST,TG,CHO and LDLC in model group increased while the levels of HDLC decreased.There is significant difference between model group and normal group（ALT： P0.01;AST,TG,CHO,LDLC,HDLC： P0.001）.Conclusion The modeling process is similar to the development of chronic alcoholic fatty liver in humans and the method is simple,stable and repeatable with lower animal mortality.Therefore,our experiment provides a valuable animal model for studying chronic alcoholic fatty liver.