鼻成形术中额颞部血管的应用解剖学研究

目的：为解决临床上额部皮瓣修复鼻缺损时常出现的血运障碍，全鼻再造时的衬里缺损以及应用耳廓复合组织修复鼻翼缺损时面积受限等问题。方法：对２９例（５８例）尸体额、鼻和颞部血管进行解剖。结果：滑车上动脉由两侧向内上行走，滑车上动脉的分支、眶上动脉的浅支、颞浅动脉额支的额眶支相互吻合成网前额动脉吻合网。颞浅动脉主干及顶支发出２～３支耳支分布至耳轮。结论：额部皮瓣应设计在旁正中的滑车上动脉血管走行轴线上；可同时用两侧额部皮瓣行全鼻缺损的修复；亦可经前额动脉吻合网、颞浅动脉及其分支，设计出带蒂的大面积耳廓复合组织岛状瓣修复大面积鼻翼缺损或半鼻缺损

Applied anatomy of frontal and temporal vessels in nasal reconstruction

Objective:To solve the clinical problem of the forehead flap blood disturbance,the lining defect problem in the nasal reconstrucion,and the limited area problem of wing of nasal reparation by auricular composite tissue.Methods:The blood vessels of frontal,nasal and temporal were dissected on 29 (58 sides) corps.Results:The supratrochelear arteries run upward bilateral,the superficial branches of supratrochelear arteries,supraorbital arteries and the frontal branches of superficial temporal arteries form a network the forehead arteries anastomosis net.Two or three branches of the main trunk and the parietal branches of the superfical temporal arteries were distributed to helix.Conclusions:The frontal flaps should be designed along the axis of supratrochelear vessels,so the whole nasal defect can be repaired by bilateral frontal flaps simultaneously;the large area wing of nasal defect or half nose defect can also be repaired by auricular composite tissue island flap pedicled with the frontal arteries anastomosis net,superficial temporal artery and its branches.