猪股骨头支持带动脉入头分支的解剖学研究

目的　探索猪股骨头支持带动脉入头分支的数量、分布规律及外径大小并阐述其意义。 方法　解剖39例带有髋周血管的猪股骨头离体标本，分离支持带动脉，采用30%硫酸钡悬浮液显微灌注，观察支持带动脉入头分支的走形、数量、分布及外径。以时钟点位记录支持带动脉入头的分布规律，显微标尺测量支持带动脉入头分支的外径，并对各组支持带动脉入头最粗支的位置进行测量统计。 结果　猪股骨头共有（6.10±1.32）支动脉入头，主要分为后上、后下及前方3组，每组支持带动脉最粗支入头的时钟点位分别为（11：22~01：29）、（06：36~08：15）、（02：01~03：59）；直径分别为（0.37±0.11）、（0.52±0.11）、（0.35±0.09）mm。 结论　猪股骨头入头动脉的数量及位置相对恒定，入头动脉最粗支平均直径为（0.52±0.11）mm，来自后下组支持带动脉，为猪股骨头重要的血供来源。

Anatomical study on the branch of pig femoral head retinacular artery

Objective　To explore the number, distribution and outer diameter of retinacular artery branch of pig femoral head and its significance.　Methods　Thirty-nine isolated pig femoral head specimens with peri-hip vessels were dissected, the retinacular artery were separated, and microperfusion was performed with 30% barium sulfate suspension. The shape, number, distribution and outer diameter of the retinacular artery's entry branch were observed. The distribution of the arterial head was recorded according to the time points. The micrometer was used to measure the external diameter of the retinacular artery branch. The position of the thickest branch of the retinacular artery in each group were measured statistically.　Results　There were（6.10±1.32） arteries in the pig femoral head, which were mainly divided into three groups: a posterosuperior group, a posteroinferior group and an anterior retinacular artery group. The clock points of the thickest branch head of each group of retinacular artery were （11:22~01:29），（06:36~08:15），（02:01~03:59）o'clock, respectively. The diameters of the three groups were（0.37±0.11），（0.52±0.11），（0.35±0.09）mm, respectively.　Conclusions　The number and location of the pig femoral head inlet arteries are relatively constant. The average diameter of the thickest branch of the pig femoral head inlet arteries is（0.52±0.11）mm, which origining from the posteroinferior retinacular artery group and is an important blood supply source for pig femoral head.