人体中、下段颈椎曲率的测量及意义

目的：为设计、改进适合国人的颈前路钢板系统提供参考值。方法：用游标卡尺和自制弧度仪测量129例颈椎各椎体最小高度、冠状径、矢状径和前壁横向弧度；测量43例正常成人X线侧位片，计算颈椎的生理曲度。结果：C3-C6最小高度和C3-C5最小矢状径均较接近，分别为10.0mm和14.6mm；最小冠状径由C3-C6依次增加，增量约1mm；椎体前壁横向曲率半径由C3的9.6mm逐渐增大至C7的14.4mm；颈椎各节段纵向曲度的变异较大，无明显规律。结论：颈椎中段各椎体的最小高度值、矢状径值相近，中、下段颈椎各椎体的最小冠状径和前壁横向曲度由下至下递减，此规律可帮助确定理想的螺钉长度、钢板宽度和钢板的横向弧度；颈椎纵向生理曲度变异较大，无明显规律性，对确定钢板的纵向弧度帮助不大。

Curvature of human middle and lower cervical spine:a morphological study

Objective:To measure curvatures of human middle and lower cervical spine and determine optimal curve of anterior cervical plate instrumentation.Methods:Minimal height,coronal and sagittal diameters of cervical vertebral bodies were measured on 129 dry Chinese adult cervical vertebrae.Longitudinal physiological curvatures of cervical spines were measured on lateral radiographs of 43 normal Chinese adults.Results:Bodies from C 3 to C 6 had similar values of minimal height and minimal sagittal diameters (approximately 10.0 mm and 14.6 mm respectively).The transverse curvature radian of anterior walls of vertebral bodies increased gradually from 9.6 mm at C 3 with 1 mm increment per level.As well as the minimal coronal diameter from 19.2 mm at C 3 to 23.0 mm at C 6 with 1 mm increment per level.Variation of longitudinal physiological curvature was insignificant.Conclusions:The transverse curvature of cervical vertebral bodies decreases gradually in middle and lower cervical spine.The longitudinal physiological curvature can't be determined on a lateral radiograph.