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骨盆垂直不稳定性骨折的生物力学研究
引用本文:陈亮,黄继锋,赵卫东,蔡贤华,陈庄洪,韦涛.骨盆垂直不稳定性骨折的生物力学研究[J].中国临床解剖学杂志,2010,28(3):330.
作者姓名:陈亮  黄继锋  赵卫东  蔡贤华  陈庄洪  韦涛
作者单位:1.广州军区武汉总医院骨科, 武汉 430070; 2. 南方医科大学医学生物力学重点实验室, 广州 510515
摘    要:目的 利用人体骨盆标本制作骶髂关节骨折脱位模型,研究垂直不稳定性骨盆骨折中骶髂复合体生物力学损伤特点。 方法 成年男性冰冻骨盆标本6具,固定于MTS生物材料试验机上以2 m/s速度进行动态撞击,记录骶髂关节出现完全骨折脱位所需的最大撞击力及响应时间,用步态分析仪的动作捕捉系统测量骶髂复合体中韧带完全破坏时骶髂关节空间三维位移,解剖学方法观察骶髂复合体损伤特点。 结果 成功制备出骶髂关节骨折、脱位损伤模型,单侧骶髂复合体完全损伤所需的撞击力峰值平均值(4.05±0.42)kN,标本响应时间平均值为(22.99±1.89)ms,骶髂关节最大垂直位移平均为(8.15±1.34) mm;骶髂复合体损伤以经骶髂关节骨折并脱位为多,髂腰韧带均表现为连同第四、五腰椎横突骨折,骶髂腹侧韧带相对薄弱易于髂骨止点处撕裂,骶髂后短韧带易发生髂骨侧的撕脱骨折,骶棘韧带骶结节韧带及盆底肌肉损伤不明显。 结论 骨盆垂直不稳定性骨折中骶髂复合体损伤具有一定的规律和特点,当骶髂关节垂直位移超过0.9 cm时提示后方骶髂复合体的韧带结构已全部破坏,骨盆环处于绝对不稳状态。

关 键 词:骨盆骨折!垂直不稳定!骶髂复合体!生物力学!垂直动态冲击  
收稿时间:2009-10-10

Biomechanical study of vertically unstable pelvic fracture
CHEN Liang,HUANG Ji-feng,ZHAO Wei-dong,et al..Biomechanical study of vertically unstable pelvic fracture[J].Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy,2010,28(3):330.
Authors:CHEN Liang  HUANG Ji-feng  ZHAO Wei-dong  
Institution:Department of Orthopaedics, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, Wuhan 430070, China
Abstract:Objective To construct the model of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) displacement and prelimilarily explore the biomechanical characteristics of the sacroiliac complex(SIC) injury.   Methods Six frozen pelvis taken from six adult male cadavers were examined and fixed on the Material Testing System (MTS). Six markers were fixed to pot the pelvis in order to measure the displacement of the SIJ. The pelvis were then subjected to dynamic compressive loading at a rate of approximately 2 m/s using the servo-hydraulic MTS. The maximum impact stress and response time were measured when the SIJ was completely disrupted, at the same time, we measured the 3-dimensional displacement using a 3-dimensional video system (Gait Analasis System) at the point of joint failure, furthermore, anatomic characteristics of the disrupted SIC were explored.  Results The SIJ displacement model was constructed succeed. The average maximum impact stress was about 4.05±0.42kN and average response time 22.99±1.89ms. The maximum vertical displacement was about 8.15±1.34mm. The SIC injury always combined with fracture of ilium or sacrum. Each concerned ligament had different injury characteristics.   Conclusions For the vertically unstable pelvic fracture, some regularity and characteristics can be summaried and considered during the clinical diagnosis and treatment. Under the condition of the vertical displacement beyond 0.9cm, all the ligaments concerned with the SIC maybe destroy.
Keywords:Pelvic fracture!Vertically instability!Sacroiliac complex!Biomechanics!Dynamic impact
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