神经反馈调节健康个体注意力的研究进展

神经反馈是指通过脑机交互方式,将大脑活动转换成声音、图像、游戏等形式反馈给个体,以实现自主调节脑功能的目的。注意力是认知功能的重要方面,不仅是儿童发展成长的影响因素,也是成人日常生活中不可替代的重要心理品质。越来越多的实证研究已经发现神经反馈对健康个体的注意力具有调节作用,但缺乏对相关研究进展的总结和综述。综述基于大脑节律活动的神经反馈对于健康个体注意力调节作用的研究进展,分析注意力测量范式、学习者和非学习者的划分以及实验设计类型对神经反馈训练效果的影响,指出了追踪实验对研究的必要性。同时提及可用于健康个体注意力调节的其他几种神经反馈技术。期望为神经反馈提高注意能力的研究和实践提供参考。

Research Progresses on Attentional Modulation via Neurofeedback in Healthy Individuals

Neurofeedback converts brain activity into sound, image, game and other forms and feedback to individuals via brain-computer interaction, to achieve self-regulation of brain function. As an important aspect of cognitive function, attention not only affects the development and growth of children, but also stands as an irreplaceable psychological quality of adults in daily life. A growing number of studies have found out that neurofeedback can modulate attention in healthy individuals, however, there are lack of reviews to sort out and summarize the emerging research. This article reviewed the research progress of brain rhythm-based neurofeedback effects on attention in healthy individuals. The impact of experimental factors on the neurofeedback training efficacy were analyzed, including the paradigm of attention measurement, the division of learners and non-learners and the type of experimental design. We also emphasized the importance of follow-up experiments. Finally, some other neurofeedback techniques that have potentials of regulating attention in healthy individuals were introduced. This review aimed to provide a reference for the research and practice of attention enhancement using neurofeedback.