唐山市新报告HIV感染者流行特征分析

目的 了解唐山市2005-2015年艾滋病疫情变化情况,为完善艾滋病防治策略提供依据.方法 对2005-2015年唐山市新报告HIV感染者的资料进行分析,包括一般人群特征、感染途径、样本来源和首次CD4细胞计数.结果 唐山市2005-2015年新增HIV感染者737例.新报告HIV感染者中,本地病例占72.3％,其中男性占89.6％,年龄以＜30岁组最多(占49.1％),且呈年轻化趋势(P＜ 0.01);经性传播的病例占92.0％,其中同性性传播占57.9％;医疗机构检出病例数最多,其次为咨询检测(voluntary counseling and testing,VCT),构成比分别为46.8％和30.3％.首次CD4细胞计数低水平组(＜200个/μL)中医疗机构检出病例所占比例最高,而首次CD4细胞计数高水平组(＞500个/μL)中检测咨询检出病例所占比例最高(x2=41.155,P＜0.01).结论 唐山市艾滋病疫情形势依然严峻,应将15 ～ 29岁青年人群和男男性行为人群(MSM)作为宣传、干预的重点人群,在继续开展VCT工作的同时,加快推进医疗机构主动咨询检测(PITC)工作,早期发现更多HIV感染者,遏制疫情进一步蔓延.

Epidemiological characteristics of the newly reported HIV-infected patients in Tangshan City

Objective To explore the changes in the characteristics of AIDS epidemic in Tangshan from 2005 to 2015 and to provide evidences for improving AIDS prevention and control strategies.Methods Data of the newly reported HIV-infected patients in Tangshan from 2005 to 2015 were analyzed,including general demographic characteristics,spread approach,sample origin and the first CD4 cell count.Results A total of 737 cases of HIV-infection were reported by Tangshan from 2005 to 2015.Of these patients,72.3％ were the residents in Tangshan and 89.6％ were male,49.1％ were under 30-year-old.The results showed a youth oriented tendency (P ＜ 0.01).The sexual transmission route was dominant for HIV-infected patients in Tangshan,accounting for 92.0％,among whom 57.9％ were infected by homosexual transmission.Most cases were detected by medical institutions and VCT,with proportion of 46.8％ and 30.3％ respectively.Medical institutions detected the highest proportion of cases in the low-level group of the first CD4 cell counts (＜ 200 cells/μL),while VCT detected the highest proportion of cases in the high-level group of the first CD4 cell counts (＞ 500 cells/μL) (x2=41.155,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The situation of AIDS epidemics in Tangshan is still grim.Young population of 15 to 29 years old and MSM should be taken as focus group for educational propaganda and intervention.While continuing the work of VCT,Tangshan should accelerate the work of PITC in order to find more HIV-infected patients and curb the epidemic of AIDS from spreading further.