上海某铸钢厂用石灰石砂代替石英砂消除清砂工矽肺效果研究

目的 探讨在铸钢工艺中采用石灰石砂代替石英砂预防矽肺发生的作用。方法 调查某铸钢分厂在采用型砂材料石英砂或石灰石砂工人矽肺患病情况。结果 某铸钢分厂在使用石英砂期间矽肺发病情况非常严重，尤以清砂工种突出，患病率达７７．５％，平均发病工龄５．２年，而采用石灰石砂代替石英砂２８年，清砂工种纯石灰石砂接尘工人无一例矽肺发生。结论 铸钢工艺中采用石灰石砂代替石英砂是一种有效的消除清砂工矽肺的措施。

Study on the Effectiveness of Substituting Silica With Limestone as Molding Material to Eliminate the Occurrence of Silicosis in Fettling Workers in Shanghai Steel-Casting Factory

Objective] This study is to explore the role of preventing silicosis by using limestone sands substituting silica sands.Methods] The incidence of silicosis was compared in the workers exposed to either silica dust or limestone dust in a steel casting factory.Results] A high incidence of serious silicosis was observed in workers in the period when the silica sands were used,especially in the fettling process workshops,the incidence was 77.5%,silicosis occurred 5.2 years in average after starting work,but no one has suffered from silicosis during last 28 years since substituting silica with limestone.Conclusion] It is an effective way of eliminating the occurrence of silicosis in fettling workers by substituting silica with limestone as molding material in steel casting factory.