理想膳食模式评分法（DDP）评价深圳市劳务工膳食营养状况

目的对深圳市外来劳务工膳食营养状况进行评价,了解其膳食结构,以便制定合理的膳食模式。方法采用分层随机抽样方法抽取工业区集体食堂14所、830名劳务工进行膳食调查;采用称重法、3d24h膳食回顾相结合的调查方法获取膳食信息,运用理想膳食模式评分法（DDP）评价深圳市劳务工的膳食营养状况。结果深圳市劳务工的DDP分值为91.4分,但食用油的摄入量超过了最大允许量。从食物类别的分类上看,谷类DDP得分为31.22分,高于理想得分30.00分。豆类、蛋类、水果、奶及奶制品的摄入量低,肉类的DDP得分为30.70分,稍低于理想得分35.00分;肉类食物DDP得分南山区较低为26.86分,宝安区最高为30.90分,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,但动物性食物评分（包括肉类、鱼类、蛋类的得分总和）已接近理想膳食模式得分。结论不均衡的膳食结构是深圳市劳务工膳食结构的主要特点。建议减少油脂摄入,适当地增加豆类、水果、蛋类、奶及奶制品等食物的摄入。

Evaluation of dietary and nutrition status of immigrant labor workers in Shenzhen by using desirable dietary pattern score

Objective To evaluate dietary nutrition of immigrant labor workers in Shenzhen,and formulate reasonable dietary patterns through understanding their dietary structure. Methods 14 Industrial Park canteens and 830 labor workers were included by using stratified random sampling method.Dietary intakes were measured using a combination of the weighting method and three consecutive 24-h recalls.The desirable dietary pattern（DDP） was used to evaluate the meal nutrition status of immigrant labor workers in Shenzhen. Results The DDP score of labor workers in Shenzhen was 91.4,but the intake of cooking oil reached the maximum permitted score.In term of food category,the DDP score of cereal was 31.22,slightly higher than ideal score 30.00.Intakes of beans,eggs,fruit,milk and milk products were low.The DDP score of meat was 30.7,a little lower than ideal score 35.00 points;In term of different districts,the DDP score of meat in Nanshan district was 26.86,and the score of Baoan district was up to 30.90,and the difference between the two districts was statistically significant（P0.01）.But total score of animal food（including meat,fish,eggs scoring combined） had reached or close to the score of ideal dietary pattern. Conclusion The main characteristic of labor workers＇ dietary structure in Shenzhen is unbalanced.It is suggested to reduce oils and fats intake,and properly increase the intake of beans,fruit,eggs,milk and milk products and other food consumption.