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Signal-averaged P wave duration and the long-term risk of permanent atrial fibrillation
Authors:Ulrik Dixen  Mette Vang Larsen  Lasse Ravn  Jan Parner  Gorm B. Jensen
Affiliation:1. Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmarkulrikdixen@mail.dk ulrdix01@geh.regionh.dk;3. Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark;4. Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark;5. Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
Abstract:
Objective. To assess the long-term risk of developing permanent AF in relation to the signal-averaged P wave duration (SAPWD) and clinical and echocardiographic characteristics. Design. In an observational study design we studied 131 patients with earlier ECG-documented AF and successfully restored sinus rhythm attending a long-term, follow-up visit at hospital or at home. Established permanent AF was examined in relation to primary clinical, echocardiographic, and electrophysiological parameters. Results. Only prolonged SAPWD (p =0.006) was associated with an increased risk of development of permanent AF. The risk of permanent AF after 3 years follow-up was 0.72 with an SAPWD equal to 180 ms versus 0.39 with a normal SAPWD (130 ms). We found no prognostic effect of age, gender, dilated left atrium, long duration of AF history, or long duration of the most recent episode of AF. Co-existing hypertension reduced the risk of permanent AF; this could be explained by concomitant treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors. Conclusion. Prolonged SAPWD (a marker of atrial remodelling) appears to be a risk factor for long-term development of permanent AF.
Keywords:Arrhythmia  atrial fibrillation  signal-averaged  P wave  risk stratification
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