间充质干细胞构建组织工程化气管的研究与应用

背景：间充质干细胞诸多特有的良好生物学特性使得其在组织工程化气管研究中成为理想的种子细胞来源。目的：总结间充质干细胞在构建组织工程化气管领域的研究现状、进展、存在的问题及展望。方法：由作者检索PubMed数据库及CNKI数据库1979至2012年,在英文标题和摘要中以＂mesenchymal stem cells,tissue-engineered trachea＂和＂tracheal chondrocytes,tracheal epithelial cells,tracheal vascular endothelial cells＂检索,中文文献检索中以＂间充质干细胞、组织工程化气管、气管软骨细胞、气管上皮细胞和气管血管内皮细胞＂为关键词,选择与组织工程化气管相关的文章,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志的文章,共纳入51篇。结果与结论：组织工程化气管种子细胞研究主要包括软骨细胞、上皮细胞和血管内皮细胞。实验已证实,间充质干细胞可定向分化为软骨细胞,细胞因子在诱导间充质干细胞分化为软骨过程中起着关键作用。目前尚未发现合适的诱导因子能特异性诱导间充质干细胞定向分化气管上皮细胞。有研究发现间充质干细胞具有向上皮细胞分化的潜能。间充质干细胞在体内或体外特殊条件下可诱导分化为血管内皮细胞,为间充质干细胞作为种子细胞分化血管内皮细胞应用于组织工程化气管起到借鉴作用。

Current research and application prospect of mesechymal stem cells in tissue-engineered trachea

BACKGROUND： Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） have become an ideal source of seed cells used for tissue-engineered trachea because they have good biological characteristics. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the current research progress, existing problems and clinical prospects of mesenchymal stem cells used for reconstruction of tissue-engineered trachea. METHODS： A computer-based online retrieval of Pubmed and CNKI databases was performed to searchpapers describing tissue-engineered trachea published during 1979-2012 using the key words＂mesenchymal stem cells, tissue-engineered trachea, tracheal chondrocytes, tracheal epithelial cells, tracheal vascular endothelial cells＂ in English and Chinese. In the same research field, papers published recently or in high impact factor journals were selected. Fifty-one papers were included in the final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Seed cells used for tissue-engineered trachea primarily include chrondrocytes, epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells. Studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells can be differentiated into chondrocytes and cytokines play a key role in induced chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. At present, there have been no proper factors that can be used to induce mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into tracheal epithelial cells. Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to exhibit the potential to differentiate into epithelial cells. Mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to differentiate into vascular endothelial cells under in vivo or in vitro special conditions, which provides experimental evidence for reconstruction of tissue-engineered trachea by vascular endothelial cells differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells。