青岛经济技术开发区电焊作业工人健康状况调查

目的了解电焊作业职业病危害因素对工人健康的影响,并提出相关防制对策。方法选择全区部分厂矿的男性电焊工268人为电焊组,选择不接触电焊作业及其他职业病危害因素的办公室工作人员268人作为照组。对两组人群进行职业史、呼吸系统、神经系统、听觉、视力等职业健康检查,并对卫生防护知识知晓状况等进行调查。结果 268例电焊工人患支气管炎24例(8.96%),肺炎17例(6.34%),视力下降85例(31.72%),头疼、头晕症状121例(45.15%),有失眠、健忘症状141例(52.61%),听力下降128例(47.76%),主诉肌肉关节痛158例(58.96%),患有金属烟热病12例(4.48%),锰中毒5例(1.87%)。与对照组比较,除了锰中毒差异无统计学意义(P0.05)外,其他症状发生率差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。卫生防护知识知晓情况:电焊组对职业病危害因素、可致什么职业病、职业禁忌证;对眼睛的伤害、佩戴面罩(或眼镜)、手套防护,安装通风设施知识的知晓率,与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论该区电焊作业危害严重,改善电焊作业环境和加强个人防护是防治电焊作业职业病危害的根本措施。

Health Status of Welding Workers in Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone

[Objective]To understand the effect of electric welding on the health of workers,and put forward related control measures.[Methods]Totally 268 male welding workers from some factories and mines were selected as welding group,other 268 officials without exposure to welding or other occupational hazards were recruited as control group.Occupational examinations of occupational history,respiratory system,nervous system,hearing and visual acuity were performed on the 2 groups,as well as knowledge level of health...