苯对作业女工健康及细胞遗传损伤的职业危害调查

目的：对58名接触混合苯(苯、甲苯、二甲苯)作业女工及36名对照人群健康状况及细胞遗传损伤效应进行职业危害调查。方法：用个体采样器收集车间空气中混合苯，采用气相色谱法测定其浓度。对调查对象进行健康体检、血常规化验及口腔颊黏膜脱落细胞微核检测。结果：苯作业女工神经衰弱综合征、牙龈出血、月经异常、血常规化验异常的检出率均有所增高，与对照组相比有显著性差异(P＜0．01)；口腔颊敏膜脱落细胞微核率，苯接触组显著高于对照组(P＜0.01)。结论：混合苯对作业女工神经系统、血液系统及细胞遗传效应均有一定影响，故对苯作业女工的劳动保护应给予高度重视，以防止苯毒性职业危害发生。

Study on occupational hazard of benzene to cell genotoxicityand health in female workers

Objective: To determine the relationship between occupational mixed benzene (benzene, toluene and xylene) exposure and the hazard to body and cell genotoxicity We studied 58 female shoe makers (exposed to benzene) and 36 well compaied controls Methods: The concentration of mixed benzene in the workshop air was measured by gas chromatography Physical check up, blood routine and the frequency of micronuclei in buccal mucosa cell, were done in the exposed group and the control group Results: The rate of neurosis, gum bleed, abnormal menses and blood rontine in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0 01) The frequency of micronuclei in buccal mucosa cell was significantly higher in benzene exposed group than the control group (P<0 001) Conclusion: The results indicate that mited benzene exposed to female workers is an occupational hazard to their nerve and blood system and cell genotoxicity